《明武宗实录》所塑王琼奸佞形象考

发布时间：2018-01-01 06:28

本文关键词：《明武宗实录》所塑王琼奸佞形象考　出处：《陕西师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 曲笔与诬饰无疑会损害史书的可信度，而这却在明代历朝实录中都不同程度的存在着。《明武宗实录》亦不例外，其中有关尚书王琼的记载就是一个典型的例子。以杨廷和为首的《明武宗实录》的修撰者对于王琼的记载存在着普遍的曲笔与诬饰，从而导致王琼奸佞形象的形成。本文结合大量文献资料对该实录中有关王琼的史料进行甄别、考证，力求还原王琼的真实形象。具体而言，本文主要从以下六个部分进行了探讨。在前言部分，笔者首先陈述了本文的写作缘起和目的。《明武宗实录》中有关王琼的史料普遍存在着曲笔与诬饰，从而导致王琼奸佞形象的形成，但学界对此尚未给予太大关注。本文意在还原一个真实的王琼形象，此乃本文的写作缘起。这不仅有助于对王琼这个历史人物的研究，从中也可以进一步认识实录的修纂制度及其带来的后果。第二部分，对《武宗实录》和其他一些明清史籍中的王琼形象进行了对比。在《武宗实录》中，王琼是一个奸佞；在明清其他一些史籍中，王琼是一个功在社稷的干济大臣。显然，《武宗实录》所塑王琼形象与明清其他一些史籍中的王琼形象大相径庭。在第三部分中，对《明武宗实录》所塑王琼奸佞形象进行了考辨。为了将王琼塑造成一个奸佞，杨廷和主持修撰《武宗实录》时对涉及王琼的史料采取了四种处理方式，即：记事隐功、隐匿功事、恣意贬损和有意诬陷。一是记事隐功，这种情况在实录中主要有主持盐政和奏请在内地废除首功进秩两处；二是隐匿功事，在实录中主要有镇守都城、平定汤麻九叛乱和诛江彬三处；三是恣意贬损，在实录中主要有奏请废除清军御史、提高武举考试的级别两处；四是有意诬陷，在实录中主要有交结近侍、陷害彭泽、交通宁王和马昊厚结王琼四处。通过甄别、考证，笔者认为：《明武宗实录》所塑王琼形象确与史实不符。综观王琼一生，，其是位负有心计、极具才干、政绩卓著的历史人物。尤其于正德年间在户部主持盐政有功；在兵部奏请废除首功进秩、清军御史，提高武举考试级别，镇守都城，平定汤麻九叛乱，平定宁王叛乱皆功在社稷；历吏部又诛江彬有功。总之，王琼是在明代中期发挥过重要作用的治世重臣。第四部分从杨廷和与王琼的关系分析了《明武宗实录》所塑王琼奸佞形象产生之原因。王琼奸佞形象的形成实缘于其政敌对他的丑化。造成这种后果的深层原因则是党争，而其中的关键又在于内阁首辅杨廷和与尚书王琼的矛盾。第五部分叙述了《明武宗实录》塑造王琼奸佞形象的影响。《武宗实录》所记载的关于王琼的史料和其塑造的王琼奸佞形象，被其它一些史著所继承，以讹传讹。这种曲笔和诬饰不仅掩蔽了历史上真实的王琼，更是对“实录”本身价值的否定。最后，笔者认为王琼是一个倜傥多大略，居官所至有声，在明代中期发挥过重要作用的治世重臣。
[Abstract]:Qupen and falsely will undoubtedly damage the credibility of decoration history in the Ming Dynasty, which is in the record of the existence of Ming Wuzong Shilu. < > is no exception, the book Wang Qiong records is a typical example. Xiuzhuan researchers led by Yang Tinghe "Ming Wuzong Shilu" exists Qupen and general Wang Qiong for decoration and records, which led to the formation of Wang Qiong base image. In this paper a lot of research literature on the screening, Wang Qiong in the historical record, and strive to restore the true image of Wang Qiong.
Specifically, this article is mainly discussed from the following six parts.
In the preface, the author firstly stated the origin of writing about Wang Qiong and the goal of this paper. Ming Wuzong Shilu > historical materials in the widespread Qupen and framed decoration, which led to the formation of Wang Qiong base image, but the academic circles have not paid much attention. This paper is intended to restore a true image of Wang Qiong, this is the writing origin. It is not only helpful to the study of Wang Qiong historical figures, from which we can further understand the record of the compilation system and its consequences.
The second part of < > Wuzong Shilu and some other historical records of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the image of Wang Qiong was compared. In "Wuzong Shilu", Wang Qiong is a crafty; in some other historical records of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wang Qiong is a work on the boat dry economic minister. Obviously, < > Plastic Wuzong Shilu the image of Wang Qiong and some other historical records of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the image of Wang Qiong be quite different.
In the third part, the "Ming Wuzong Shilu > Plastic Wang Qiong base image studies. In order to portray Wang Qiong as a crafty, Yang Tinghe presided over the" Xiuzhuan Wuzong Shilu > of Wang Qiong's historical data relates to take four kinds of treatment methods, namely: Stories of hidden power, hiding power, wanton derogatory and deliberately framed. One is hidden in the chronicle, record mainly has presided over the salt and played in the mainland to abolish the merit in please rank two; two is the latent power, in the record are guarding the capital, put down rebellion and punish nine Ma Tang Jiang Bin three; three is any derogatory, in the record mainly has petitioned the abolition of the Imperial military examination, improve the level of two; four is intentionally framed in memoir mainly with a valet, against Pengze, and Wang Qiong Haohou Ma Ning traffic node around. Through screening, research, the author thinks: "Ming Wuzong Shilu > plastic image of Wang Qiong It is inconsistent with the facts. In Wang Qiong's life, it is a very talented, responsible for calculating the outstanding achievements of historical figures. Especially in the Zhengde years in the Ministry presided over the salt active; in Hyobu petitioned the abolition of first in rank, Qing Shi, improve military examination level, guarding the capital of Ping Ding Tang Ma nine rebellion against the ningwang rebellion is work on the boat; and Zhu Jiang Bin Li Li Department of power. In a word, Wang Qiong is played an important role in the country was in the middle of Ming Dynasty.
The fourth part from the relationship between Yang Tinghe and Wang Qiong's analysis of the causes of "Ming Wuzong Shilu > Plastic Wang Qiong. Wang Qiong base image produces base image to form a real rival for his benefit. Due to the reason of this result is the party struggles, and the key lies in the contradiction between the Prime Minister Yang Tinghe and Minister Wang Qiong.
The fifth part describes the "Ming Wuzong influence record image. Wang Qiong base shape > > Wuzong Shilu written about Wang Qiong and the historical shape of the Wang Qiong base image, some other works are inherited by mistake. This distortion and falsely masking jewelry not only the history of the real Wang Qiong, more is the negation of" the value of the record itself.
At last, the author thinks that Wang Qiong is a suave multi Ontario, residents to sound, played an important role in the country was in the middle of Ming Dynasty.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K248

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