论西周时期的“南国”

发布时间：2018-03-07 11:45

本文选题：西周王朝　切入点：南国　出处：《历史研究》2013年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：西周时期周人所称"南国"的性质是西周政治地理与民族关系史研究的重要课题。在时人观念中,"南国"与"南土"二者有别。"南土"是周王国南方的国土,在其南部边域地区设有"侯"之类具有军事防卫职能的长官。"南国"则更在其南,大致在今淮水流域、南阳盆地南部与汉淮间平原一带。西周早期,周人曾力图掌控与经营南国西部区域中的汉淮间地区,但以昭王南征荆楚失败而告终。南国的东部区域为淮水流域,即淮夷各邦的聚居区,是周王朝以军事强制手段搜刮其重要经济资源与人力资源之所在,整个西周中晚期,周王朝为控制这块区域多次与淮夷发生战争,但终西周之世,周人亦并未能实现对该地常规化的、有效的行政管理。"南国"不宜被理解为周人之国土,它大体上可以认为是西周王国的附属区。
[Abstract]:The nature of the "Southern State" called by the Zhou people in the Western Zhou Dynasty is an important subject in the study of the political geography and the history of national relations in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the concept of the people of the time, the "Southern State" and the "Southern Land" are different. "Nantu" is the land of the Southern Kingdom of Zhou Dynasty. There are officers with military defense functions such as "Hou" in the southern border region. The "southern state" is even more in its south, roughly in the present Huaihe River Basin, the southern part of the Nanyang Basin and the Hanhuai Plain. Early Western Zhou, The Zhou people tried to control and manage the Hanhuai region in the western part of the southern country, but ended up with the defeat of Zhao Wang's struggle for Jingchu. The eastern part of the southern country was the Huai River basin, that is, the inhabited area of the Huai Yi states. It was the Zhou Dynasty that used military coercive means to search for its important economic and human resources. Throughout the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty fought many times with Huai Yi in order to control this area, but the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty was the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The Zhou people also failed to realize the regular and effective administration of the area. "Southern country" should not be understood as the territory of the Zhou people, it can be considered as the subordinate region of the Western Zhou Kingdom in general.
【作者单位】：北京大学中国古代史研究中心;
【分类号】：K224

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