汉代边防体系研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 17:37

本文选题：汉代　切入点：边防　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：两汉时期的边疆防御体系,是两汉王朝国家统治的重要军事保障。本文以两汉时期边防体系构建为主题,以现有的资料为基础,结合传世文献与出土文献,在研究方法上,以历史学、军事学和边疆学等相结合的方式,注重对边防体系整理轮廓的把握。本文旨在通过对边防体系的构建情况分析,探讨边防体系对边疆地区发展的影响,探索边防区域内游牧民族与农耕民族之间的联系,揭示边防体系在汉代战略文化和政治制度层面上的贡献,以及为后世历代边防体系发展所奠定的坚实基础。汉代边疆防御范围的划分。在抛弃狭隘的边防线概念的基础上,汉代边疆主要是指三个范畴内的边疆：行政区划范畴、军事驻防机构范畴和地缘结构范畴。边郡在边防区域中处于主体地位,军事驻防机构加强了对当地的民族治理与军事统领,而西域地区在汉代边防中的特殊地位以及他在地缘政治中所扮演的角色给汉王朝以及周边民族政权所带来的影响也颇为深远。边防领导体系的结构和军事武装力量。汉代边防的领导体系也是由几个层次组成。在边郡有行政领导体系；在边地有屯田领导体系；作战时,有将军“幕府”的指挥系统。多层次的领导结构,将边防体系的各项职责任务进行了分区管理,加强了汉王朝在各个领域对边防的有效管理。整个体系都是围绕武装力量更好的发挥其应有的作用而相互集结整合的。边防军事工程建设和边防体系的物资供给模式。这个体系的构成,大致可以看作烽燧(亭燧)基点组成连接城障中心构成边塞线的边防土木工程形式,以点——线——带的防御层次组成工程体系。汉代的防御体系主要由候望系统的运作来完成侦察报警的任务,是汉代边塞防御系统中的重要组成部分。边防的交通建设和邮驿制度所呈现的边防使命正是边防土木工程的作用与边防信息传递相结合的契点。由于边疆与内地的经济联系以及边防的后勤需要都使边防物资补给成为维持边防体系有效运作的物质基础。边防的行政职责。设置在边疆地区的关、津等作为国家的门户,一方面发挥军事防御的作用,一方面也具有维护管理边疆社会安定的行政功能。尤其边防法律对边疆社会所起到的控制功能,主要表现在对人身、战略物资方面的管控上。边防领导机构还承担着汉王朝涉外事务的运作和管理等职责,汉王朝借外交的手段促进边疆的稳定,巩固边防。边疆社会的经济发展也是边防工作的组成部分,与域外民族政权的经济来往甚至成为边防守御的政治、军事筹码。两汉王朝的国防战略与边疆的隐患。汉代战略文化的发展是社会历史经验的积累、国家价值观念的认识,民族心理定位的共同作用形成的。汉代的战略文化对治边政策,边防战略的制定和实施是统治者执行国家意志的思想原则和指导方针。汉代的边防体系也存在着某些缺陷和隐患。边防作为国家统治机器的组成部分,在政治、经济的多重影响下,不可避免的也同王朝的繁荣衰亡同荣辱共进退。
[Abstract]:The Han Dynasty frontier defense system is an important guarantee of the Han Dynasty military rule. Based on the national defense system in the Han Dynasty building as the theme, based on available information, combined with the masterpieces of literature and unearthed documents, the research method, such as history, military science and frontier science combination, finishing on the contour the grasp of the defense system. This paper aims to construct the situation analysis of the border system, to explore the influence of border system development in border areas, border region exploration between nomadic and farming ethnic relations, reveals the defense system in the Han Dynasty with the strategic level of cultural and political system, and lay a solid foundation for the development of future generations the border of the system.
The division of the frontier defense range. Based on the concept of abandon the narrow border line, the border is mainly refers to three categories: administrative division of frontier military garrison organization category, category and geographic structure category. The border counties in the main position in the border area, the military in preventing mechanism to strengthen the local national governance and the military command, and western regions in the Han Dynasty and the special status of the frontier role he plays in the geopolitical impact to the Han Dynasty and the surrounding national regime is also quite profound.
The structure and the military forces. The border border system of leadership leadership system is composed of several layers. The administrative leadership system of border counties in the borderland in order; leadership system; combat command system, a general "shogunate". The leadership structure of multi-level defense system, will the various responsibilities and tasks of the partition management, strengthen the Han Dynasty in all areas of the border of effective management. The whole system is on the armed forces to better play its due role and mutual assembly integration.
Material supply model of border military engineering construction and defense system. The composition of this system, can be roughly as beacons (Ting Sui) point connecting city center line border frontier barrier of civil engineering, engineering system to point line with the Han Dynasty. The level of defense defense system is mainly composed of presentiment system operation reconnaissance alarm task, is an important part of the Han frontier defense system. The border traffic construction and post system of border mission is and border border information of civil engineering transfer combined point. Because of the frontier and the mainland economic ties and border logistics need to border supplies as the material foundation for maintaining the effective operation of defense system.
Border administrative duties. Set in the border area, Tianjin as the gateway of a country, play a military defense role on the one hand, on the one hand, also with the maintenance of social stability management frontier administrative functions. Especially the control function of legal border frontier society played by the main table now to a human body, the strategic materials border control. Leadership also bear the Han Dynasty foreign affairs operation and management responsibilities, the Han Dynasty through diplomatic means to promote the stability of the border areas and consolidating frontier defense. Part of the social and economic development is the frontier frontier work, and other national regime economic ties and even become the frontier defense of the political, military power.
The Han Dynasty frontier defense strategy and risks. Development of the Han Dynasty's strategic culture is the social and historical experience, understanding of national values, contribute to national psychological positioning. The strategy of Han culture policies, the formulation and implementation of the frontier strategy is the rulers of the executive thought principles and guidelines for national will in the Han Dynasty. The border system also exist some defects and problems. As part of the national border, ruling machine in politics, multiple influence economy, inevitable with the prosperity of the decline of dynasty with honor to retreat.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：E254;K234

【参考文献】