明清时期湖南人口迁移及其规律研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 08:39

本文选题：明清时期 + 湖南　；参考：《湘潭大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 湖南自古土旷人稀,地理位置又自成一相对封闭的区域经济地理环境,是苗、瑶的故乡。但是经过长期的历史积淀,湖南历史发展到明清时期,在经历了大规模的人口迁移运动之后,湖南人口结构发生了很大变化。由于战乱、赋役繁重以及人口膨胀等各种原因,江西人从唐时期就开始零星不断地向湖南迁移,并且迁移运动在明时期达到高潮,形成了以“江西填湖广”这样一种以江西人为主的各省向湖南移民的浪潮,而向湖南移民的江西人之中又以南昌和吉安两府为多。移民在湖南的分布又以湘中,湘北和湘东地区为多。这样明清时期的湖南虽然也经历了几次社会动荡,但湖南的政治、社会、经济与文化,也随着湖南人口结构的大幅度改变而处在一种重新发育与发展的过程之中,并且封建的农业经济也一度发展到了“湖南熟,天下足”这样一种繁盛局面。在“江西填湖广”的同时,也交织着湖南向外省的人口迁移。明清时期,湖湘大地已然得到了一定的开发,人地关系也出现了紧张的局面,加上自然灾害、战乱以及外省移民不断涌入后土客矛盾的进一步升级,湖南土著和新旧移民在本省流移的同时,也大量地向外迁移。迁移地点以四川、陕西、贵州和云南等省为多,成为了“湖广填四川”移民运动中的一支重要的力量。笔者在前人的研究基础上,以湖南地方志、通志、氏族资料等为主要依据,利用人口学、社会学等有关理论对湖南明清时期人口迁移原因、演变过程、数量等各方面进行了综合考察分析,以图从人口迁移这一角度来探讨湖南近代社会的变迁。现今的人口迁移虽是零星的和自发的,但是,研究明清时期湖南的人口迁移活动,从人口迁移对湖南人的血性及社会心理积淀的塑造来探讨人口迁移对社会所造成的影响,为寻找人与社会和谐共存的钥匙提供历史的思考。
[Abstract]:Hunan is the hometown of Miao and Yao. However, after a long period of historical accumulation, Hunan's history developed to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and after experiencing a large-scale migration movement, the population structure of Hunan has undergone great changes. Jiangxi people began to migrate to Hunan sporadically from the Tang Dynasty, and the migration movement reached its climax in the Ming Dynasty, forming a wave of emigration from Jiangxi provinces to Hunan, which was dominated by Jiangxi people. Jiangxi immigrants to Hunan and Nanchang and Ji'an two provinces for more. The distribution of immigrants in Hunan is mainly in the central, northern and eastern areas of Hunan. Although Hunan experienced several social upheavals during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Hunan's politics, society, economy and culture were in a process of re-development and development along with the great changes in Hunan's population structure. At one time, the feudal agricultural economy also developed into a prosperous situation of "Hunan mature, the world is sufficient". At the same time, the migration of Hunan to other provinces was also intertwined. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the land of Huxiang had been developed to a certain extent, and the relations between people and land had also been tense. In addition, the natural disasters, the war and the continuous influx of immigrants from other provinces further escalated the conflicts between the natives and the Hakka. The native and old immigrants of Hunan Province also moved out in large numbers at the same time. The migration sites are mainly in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, and have become an important force in the migration movement of "Huguang fill Sichuan". Based on the data of the clan, this paper makes a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the reasons, evolution and quantity of population migration in Hunan during the Ming and Qing dynasties by using the relevant theories of demography and sociology. From the point of view of population migration, this paper discusses the changes of Hunan modern society. Although the current population migration is sporadic and spontaneous, the study of Hunan population migration activities during the Ming and Qing dynasties, from the population migration to Hunan people's blood and social psychological accumulation to explore the impact of population migration on the society. To find the key to harmonious coexistence between human and society provides historical thinking.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K248

【引证文献】