北魏孝文帝之南征战略及其相关争议考论

发布时间：2019-06-05 09:36

【摘要】：北魏孝文帝当政之前,北魏在军事实力上已超过了南朝,南北对抗的军事均势已被打破。孝文帝前期,其朝政决策人为冯太后,其时已有人提出灭亡南朝以统一全国的战略,颇合冯太后之心意。孝文帝亲政后,一再表达其南征与统一的愿望,并付诸实施,以致其排除各种阻力,迅速迁都洛阳,并在南迁草创之际,连续率师亲征,急于征服南朝。对于孝文帝急切的南征举措,朝臣中存在分歧与争议,其中一些鲜卑保守人物反对迁洛与南征,这与他们抵制汉化是一致的。河北与河西人士的态度有相似之处,对迁都与统一并不反对,而对进度和具体战术布局有看法,主张缓征。而南来人士和青齐人士则多积极支持,以争取功业。在强烈的统一愿望驱使下,孝文帝对反对意见简单压制。
[Abstract]:Before Emperor Xiaowen came to power in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the military strength of the Northern Wei Dynasty exceeded that of the Southern Dynasty, and the military balance of confrontation between the North and the South had been broken. In the early days of Emperor Xiaowen, the political decision maker of Emperor Xiaowen was Empress Dowager Feng. At that time, some people had put forward the strategy of destroying the Southern Dynasty to unify the whole country, which was quite in line with the wishes of Empress Dowager Feng. After Emperor Xiaowen was in charge of government, he repeatedly expressed his desire for southward expedition and reunification, and put it into practice, so that he eliminated all kinds of resistance and moved quickly to Luoyang, and at the time of moving to the south, he continued to lead teachers to conquer the Southern Dynasty. There are differences and disputes among the courtiers about Emperor Xiaowen's urgent move to the south, and some of them are opposed to the relocation of Luo and the south, which is consistent with their resistance to Sinicization. Hebei and Hexi people have similar attitudes, have no objection to the relocation and reunification of the capital, but have views on the progress and specific tactical layout, advocate slow march. Southern people and Qingqi people are more active support, in order to strive for merit. Driven by a strong desire for unity, Emperor Xiaowen simply suppressed opposition.
【作者单位】：扬州大学社会发展学院历史系;
【分类号】：K239.21

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