从孟德斯鸠看商业对古典共和主义的冲击

发布时间：2018-01-07 13:07

本文关键词：从孟德斯鸠看商业对古典共和主义的冲击　出处：《上海交通大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：公民共和主义是西方政治思想中最古老的政治思潮之一,但是从19世纪中叶开始逐渐式微。本文将理论研究和历史研究相结合,通过梳理古典共和主义政治理论中的相关论述,认为古典共和国与商业之间存在内在矛盾,而近代商业的兴起是古典共和主义影响力下降的重要原因。古典共和国的发展动力是战争,但随着近代商业兴起,贸易取代了战争,成为国家发展的动力源泉。而孟德斯鸠认为,如果共和政制的原则和贸易的精神不一致,我们需要做的是调整政治体制以适应商业的逻辑。因此,他对共和政治的理论作出调整,在政治的价值设定和制度安排中将容纳商业贸易。在这一转型过程中,古典共和主义日益边缘化,逐渐被具有强大整合能力、适应现代国家商业贸易发展需求的自由主义所取代。
[Abstract]:Civic republicanism is one of the oldest political thoughts in western political thought, but it has gradually declined since the middle of 19th century. Through combing the relevant expositions in the classical Republican political theory, the author thinks that there are inherent contradictions between the classical republic and commerce. The rise of modern commerce was an important reason for the decline of the influence of classical republicanism. The motive force of the development of classical republic was war, but with the rise of modern commerce, trade took the place of war. Montesquieu believes that if the principles of Republican government and the spirit of trade are inconsistent, what we need to do is to adjust the political system to the logic of business. He adjusted the theory of Republican politics to accommodate commercial trade in the value setting and institutional arrangement of politics. In the process of this transformation classical republicanism was increasingly marginalized and gradually had a strong ability to integrate. The liberalism which adapts the modern country commercial trade development demand is replaced.
【作者单位】：国务院发展研究中心;
【分类号】：D091
【正文快照】： 一、问题晚近以来共和主义(Republicanism)在西方政治思想中的复兴是当代政治思想中的一个重要主题。共和主义拥有漫长的历史传统,作为一种独特的政治思潮在西方历史上横亘数千年,其丰富的理论内涵和共和国的历史经验为现代政治社会提供了宝贵的资源。诸如政治社群的维系、公

【相似文献】