改革开放以来中国管理思想演变的阶段分析

发布时间：2018-02-01 05:49

本文关键词： 改革开放中国企业管理理论　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在改革开放至今,中国经济社会状况发生了重大变化。回顾三十余年中国经济发展、体制改革与企业壮大的历程,不难发现,管理的优劣对于企业发展和社会的稳定起到了关键作用。同政府、非营利组织及其他社会团体相比,企业已经历了从工场制、工厂制到公司制的转变,已经建立了以股东大会、董事会、监事会为核心架构的法人治理结构。无论是决策方式、组织结构体系还是运作规程,企业无疑是当今最为成熟的社会组织形式。因而,学界对于管理思想的研究始终以企业作为其研究对象。因此,本文基本上也以企业作为管理理论的主要研究对象。在改革开放之初,国家就开始探索中国特色管理思想,从早期的扩权让利、承包经营、满负荷工作法到OEC管理、整体营销管理、IPD项目管理,中国管理伴随着中国经济的发展,社会的进步,各种社会组织尤其是企业的飞速发展,逐渐成长起来,形成一个完成的思想体系。本文在回顾了改革开放三十年来中国经济改革与企业发展基础上,力求全面、系统地描述改革开放以来中国管理学理论的演变过程,理清改革开放以来中国管理理论的的发展脉络。因此,本文首先对改革开放以来中国管理思想发展的实践基础进行了介绍和分析,着重分析了各阶段培育管理思想的土壤,如宏观政策、经济发展状况、企业管理实践等因素。在此基础上,根据中国改革开放以来各个时期管理思想的理论重心,将其划分为以萌芽阶段、探索阶段、繁荣阶段和升华阶段。笔者认为,中国管理思想在其各个发展阶段的管理理论和方法具有浓厚的时代特征,例如萌芽时期的步鑫生管理方法,探索时期的满负荷工作法和海尔管理思想,繁荣时期的联想管理模式,升华时期的华为管理模式与比亚迪管理模式。笔者通过对管理思想发展脉络的分析得出,改革开放以来中国管理思想的发展过程中贯穿着两条主线：一是管理重心的转变。不同时期的管理方法和管理理论围绕国家宏观经济政策与市场需求的变化,不断调整其理论重心,一起更好的实现组织目标。通过对各个阶段管理思想特点的分析,可以得出,改革开放以来中国管理经历了萌芽时期的以效率为中心、探索时期的以质量为中心、繁荣时期的以市场营销为中心和升华时期的以文化为中心的转变。二是西方管理思想的中国化与中国管理思想的国际化,自改革开放以来,中国企业管理者与理论界开始不断引进、消化、吸收西方管理思想,将西方管理思想中的管理精髓同企业管理实践相结合,在借助西方管理思想取得自身成功的基础上,建立了中国特色的管理理论。在中国民族企业积极参与世界竞争的同时,中国管理思想也得到世界的瞩目,开启了其国际化进程。笔者认为,在可以预见的未来,中国管理思想必将成为世界管理思想体系中不可或缺的一部分,同西方管理思想一起引领者世界管理思想的潮流。
[Abstract]:So far in the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in economic and social conditions. China review thirty years Chinese economic development, course reform and the growth of the enterprises, it is not difficult to find, management of the merits of the key function for enterprise development and social stability. Compared with the government, non-profit organizations and other social organizations, enterprises have from the experience of the workshop system, change the factory system to the company system, has been established to the shareholders' meeting, board of directors, corporate governance structure of the board of supervisors as the core architecture. Both the decision mode, organization structure and the operating procedures, the enterprise today is undoubtedly the most mature form of social organization. Therefore, scholars study on management thought has always been to the enterprise as its research object. Therefore, this paper basically also with enterprises as the main research object of management theory.
At the beginning of reform and opening, the state began to explore the management thought of China characteristics, from the early expansion of rights, contract management, full load working method to OEC management, marketing management, IPD project management, China management along with the development of Chinese economy, the progress of the society, various social organizations especially the rapid development of enterprise. Gradually grow up, forming a complete system of thought.
This paper reviews Chinese economic reform and the development of enterprises based on the thirty years of reform and opening up, strive to be comprehensive, systematic description of China management theory since the reform and opening up process of evolution, development of China management theory since the reform and opening up clear. Therefore, since the first practice of the reform and opening up of Chinese management thought development foundation the introduction and analysis, analyzes the various stages of the cultivation and management of ideological soil, such as macro policy, economic development, business management and other factors. On this basis, according to the theory of gravity in different periods since the reform and opening up China management thoughts, which is divided into the embryonic stage, exploration stage, prosperity stage and sublimation stage. The author believes that the theory and method of management Chinese management thought in its various stages of development with strong characteristics of the time, such as germination buxinsheng management period Methods, explore the full load working period and Haier management thought, boom Lenovo management mode, management mode and sublimation period HUAWEI BYD management mode. Through the analysis of the development of management thought that, since the reform and opening up the development process of China management through two main lines: one is to change the focus of management the changes in different periods. The management methods and management theory on the national macroeconomic policy and market demand, adjust the center of gravity theory, achieve the goal of organization together better. Through the analysis, the characteristics of each stage of management thought can be drawn, since the reform and opening up Chinese management through the bud stage to efficiency as the center, the exploration period the quality as the center, the boom to marketing as the center and sublimation period as the center of culture change. The two is the western management thought The Chinese and China to the internationalization of management, since the reform and opening up, Chinese enterprise managers and scholars began to introduce, digest, absorb the western management thought, the western management thought the essence of management and enterprise management practice, in the use of Western management thoughts based on the success of their own, established Chinese characteristic management theory. In China national enterprises to actively participate in the competition in the world at the same time, Chinese management thought has been the world's attention and started its process of internationalization. The author believes that in the foreseeable future, China will become an integral part of the management system of world management thought, with the Western management thought leader together the world management trend.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D035;D61

【参考文献】