罗尔斯政治秩序观问题：一种以中国为根据的问题化理论处理

发布时间：2018-02-20 17:25

  本文关键词： 正义 公平正义 罗尔斯 政治秩序观 政治理想图景　出处：《复旦大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文旨在提出(抑或建构)一个有学术意义的“理论问题”——即“罗尔斯政治秩序观问题”；该问题是,“罗尔斯政治秩序观及其文化基础”(即“罗尔斯政治秩序观论题”)作为罗尔斯理论中的一个知识性问题,对我们中国人而言何以会成为一个“理论问题”? 本文的现实问题意识分为两个方面： 一方面,基于我们对正义概念的辨析,以及对自鸦片战争以来中国社会正义概念内涵演变情况的考察,当下中国社会盛行着内涵源自于西方文化体之罗尔斯“社会”(即“约指‘国家”’)意义上公平正义观的正义概念,代表中国社会的中国共产党和中国政府用以(预设着罗尔斯域内政治秩序观/国内政治秩序观的)“社会”意义上公平正义观念为内涵的正义概念来审视(甚或处理)当下中国的社会问题可能会深刻触及当下中国现存的政治秩序,可能具有一定程度的政治风险。 另一方面,同样基于我们对自鸦片战争以来中国社会正义概念内涵演变情况的考察,随着新中国的成立,以及中国的日益崛起和强大,代表中国社会的中国共产党和中国政府越来越倾向于用内涵源自于中国文化体之正义概念来审视(甚或处理)国际领域国家间的事务活动,然而,当我们这样做时,我们会面临一种外交困境,该外交困境则是源自于(预设罗尔斯域际政治秩序观/国际政治秩序观之)罗尔斯万民法思想(以“社会”意义上公平正义观念为内核)对现代国际法基本原则之普适性的有力辩护。 本文这两方面的现实问题意识意味着,我们须要对“罗尔斯的政治秩序观(包括他的域内政治秩序观和域际政治秩序观)及其文化基础”(即“罗尔斯政治秩序观论题”)进行学术探究,因而,如果我们的研究表明,罗尔斯政治秩序观的文化基础是源自于西方社会的基督教文化,那么,基于中国文化体与西方文化体间所存在之明显且巨大的差异,我们似乎可以认为,本文所关注的现实问题在一定程度上是确实存在的。 很明显,我们对本文现实问题意识的回应是一种学术回应。既如此,那么,首先,我们须基于本文的现实问题意识型构出(或建构出)一个“理论问题”。只有这样,我们的学术行为才可能具有学术意义。其次,才涉及到我们对该“理论问题”的全面回答。不过,基于本文研究目的的设定,本文研究旨在完成“第-步”——即对笔者于本文中的现实问题意识进行问题化的理论处理,力图建构-个“理论问题”(即“罗尔斯政治秩序观问题”),而“第二步”(即“对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题的全面回答”)的完成,则是本文之后阶段的研究主旨。 基于本文的研究目的,本文分为六章,其主要内容如下： 第1章《导言：直觉问题意识与本文论述框架》在对正义概念进行辨析之后,主要勾勒出笔者于本文中的直觉问题意识、明确本文研究目的、交待本文的论述框架。 第2章《罗尔斯政治秩序观论题的问题化(Ⅰ)：直觉问题意识的论证和深化》主要对本文第1章《导言》中的直觉问题意识进行强化(甚或论证)和深化,表明罗尔斯政治秩序观论题对我们中国人而言确实是一个重要问题,而不仅仅是一个只存在“可能性”的问题,或罗尔斯理论中的一个知识性问题。这一章主要表明罗尔斯政治秩序观论题具有“理论问题”的普遍性特征。 第3章《罗尔斯政治秩序观论题的问题化(Ⅱ)：罗尔斯政治秩序观论题的新颖性考察》主要考察罗尔斯政治秩序观论题的新颖性。这一章主要表明罗尔斯政治秩序观论题具有“理论问题”的新颖性特征。 第4章《罗尔斯政治秩序观问题的研究进路问题：基于相关罗尔斯研究博士学位论文之研究进路的思考》主要为罗尔斯政治秩序观问题寻找一种合适的研究进路。在本文第2章和第3章基本完成对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题的理论建构后,这一章的写作目的旨在避免因“罗尔斯政治秩序观问题找不到一种合适的研究进路”这一情况而对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题之“理论问题”品格所可能会产生的消减。 第5章《罗尔斯政治秩序观问题的预设问题：对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题的初步回答》主要对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题进行初步回答。因为本文旨在提出罗尔斯政治秩序观问题,这预设着“罗尔斯政治秩序观问题是有解的”,但是,这样一种预设并不是当然成立的,因而,我们需要于这一章中对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题进行初步回答以避免“罗尔斯政治秩序观问题无解”这一情况而对罗尔斯政治秩序观问题之“理论问题”品格所可能会产生的严重消减。 第6章《结论》对全文进行总结,整体性地勾勒出“笔者对本文的现实问题意识进行问题化理论处理、提出罗尔斯政治秩序观问题”的过程,表明本文是如何完成其预期理论目的(即“提出‘罗尔斯政治秩序观问题”)的。
[Abstract]:The aim of this paper is to put forward ( or construct ) a " theoretical question " of academic significance , " The question of Rawls ' political order " , which is a question of knowledge in Rawls ' theory of political order and its cultural basis ( that is , " Rawls Political Order " ) as a knowledge problem in the theory of Rawls , which will become a " theoretical issue " for our Chinese people ? The reality problem consciousness in this paper is divided into two aspects : On the one hand , based on the differentiation of the concept of justice and the evolution of the concept of social justice in China since the Opium War , the concept of justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the meaning of " society " of western culture . On the other hand , on the basis of our investigation of the evolution of the concept of Chinese social justice since the Opium War , with the establishment of the new China and the growing and powerful China , the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government , representing the Chinese society , are more and more inclined to look at ( or deal with ) the affairs activities among the countries in the international arena . However , when we do so , we will face a diplomatic dilemma , which is a strong defence of the universality of the basic principles of modern international law from the Rawls ' s thoughts of Rawls , which is based on the concept of social political order and international political order . The realistic problem consciousness of the two aspects in this paper means that we need to carry out an academic inquiry into Rawls ' view of political order , including the view of political order and the view of the inter - domain political order and the cultural foundation of the " Rawls Political Order " . Therefore , if our research shows that the cultural basis of Rawls ' political order is the Christian culture derived from the western society , it seems that the reality problem of the present article is indeed real . It is obvious that our response to the real problem consciousness in this paper is an academic response . So , firstly , we must construct ( or construct ) a " theoretical question " based on the reality problem consciousness type . Only in this way , our academic behavior may have academic significance . Secondly , this paper deals with the theoretical treatment of the " step - step " , that is , the problem of the reality problem consciousness , and tries to construct a " theoretical question " ( that is , " Rawls Political Order View " ) . ) , and " second step " ( that is , " full answer to the question of Rawls ' political order " ) is the subject of the study at the later stage of this article . Based on the research object , this paper is divided into six chapters , its main contents are as follows : The first chapter introduces the concept of intuitions : the consciousness of intuition and the framework stipulated in this paper . After the analysis of the concept of justice , the author mainly draws out the intuitions consciousness of the author in this paper , and makes clear the purpose of this paper . In chapter 2 , the question of Rawls ' political order concept ( I ) : The demonstration and deepening of intuition problem consciousness strengthens ( even demonstration ) and deepening of the intuitive question consciousness in the introduction of Chapter 1 . It shows that the topic of Rawls ' political order is really an important issue for our Chinese people , not just a question of " possibility " , or a knowledge problem in Rawls theory . This chapter mainly shows that the topic of Rawls ' political order has the universal character of " theoretical question " . Chapter 3 : The question of Rawls ' political order concept ( 鈪，

本文编号：1519561