论葛兰西的政党思想

发布时间：2018-02-23 06:23

本文关键词： 葛兰西政党领导权　出处：《山东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：葛兰西是意大利共产党的创始人之一，并担任意大利共产党总书记，是西方著名的社会主义实践家和思想家。葛兰西的政党思想是对经典马克思主义政党思想的继承和发展，是无产阶级政党在日渐发达的资本主义国家如何发展与夺取政权的一种具有创新性和开拓性的探索。通过对资本主义社会结构和资产阶级统治方式的分析，葛兰西发现资产阶级政党在发展过程中转变了自己的统治方式，这突出地表现在资产阶级政党不仅仅通过暴力的方式维护自己的统治，还通过不断赢得被统治阶级的同意来建构自己的领导权。针对这一新变化，葛兰西继承和发扬了马克思和恩格斯的政党思想，探讨了在资产阶级政党已经牢牢把握了国家政权的情况下，无产阶级政党如何通过更灵活的方式发展壮大，并走向社会主义和共产主义这一重大课题。虽然目前对葛兰西的思想进行研究的学者并不少，也发表了不少文章，但以葛兰西政党思想为研究对象的文章较为少见。本文在尊重原著，仔细研读原著的前提下，力求把葛兰西政党思想的原貌展现出来。本文分为四个部分：前言主要介绍论文的选题意义、国内外的研究现状、论文创新之处以及学术研究方法。第一部分是葛兰西政党思想的形成和发展，简要论述了葛兰西政党思想的发展过程。为了更清晰地解读葛兰西政党思想，本文将其划分为四个历史阶段：一是葛兰西政党思想的理论准备与实践积累阶段，二是葛兰西政党思想的初步形成阶段，三是葛兰西政党思想的丰富与发展阶段，四是葛兰西政党思想的成熟阶段。这一部分的论述，既有结合现实的分析，也有对葛兰西原著的引用和分析，尽量还原葛兰西政党思想发展的历史原貌。第二部分介绍葛兰西政党思想的内容，包括四个方面：一是葛兰西的工厂委员会思想，，体现了葛兰西对党的建设问题的初步探索。二是葛兰西的领导权理论，葛兰西的领导权涵盖政治、文化、经济三重意蕴。葛兰西主张无产阶级政党通过领导权的建构一步步积聚政治资本与民众力量，从而壮大一国国家无产阶级的总体实力。三是葛兰西的知识分子理论，无产阶级政党应当积极吸纳有机知识分子，确立自己的新的世界观，发挥对人民大众的教育、智识和领导的职能，并取得人民大众的认同和同意，逐步形成强大的社会集团。四是葛兰西对党夺取国家政权的具体形式的探索。葛兰西基于对西方社会结构的新变化，主张无产阶级政党在夺取国家政权的历史进程中采取更加灵活的战略，尤其要注重阵地战的有效开展。上述四个方面体现了葛兰西在不同历史时期不同方面的政党思想，本文对其形成的思想来源和具体内涵，结合原著进行了较为全面的解读。第三部分为葛兰西政党思想评析。一方面，葛兰西的政党思想是对马克思主义政党思想的继承和发展，葛兰西的政党思想对欧洲无产阶级政党尤其是意大利共产党的发展起到了重要作用。另一方面，葛兰西政党思想具有一定的局限性，这具体包括地区局限性、时代局限性、理论指导的局限性和理论探索的局限性。
[Abstract]:Gramsci is one of the founders of the Communist Party of Italy, and served as general secretary of the Communist Party of Italy, is a famous western socialist practitioners and thinkers. Gramsci's political thought is the inheritance and development of classical political party Marx thought, is how to develop a proletarian party and the seizure of power is innovative and pioneering exploration in Japan gradually developed the capitalist countries. Through the analysis of the social structure of capitalism and the bourgeoisie rule, Gramsci found bourgeois party changed their ruling party in the development process, the prominent bourgeois party not only through violent means to maintain their own rule, through to win by the ruling class to construct their own leadership right. According to this new change, Gramsci inherited and developed Marx and Engels's political thought Think on the bourgeois political parties have firmly grasp the state power under the condition of the proletarian party through a more flexible way to grow, and move towards socialism and communism is a major issue. Although the Gramsci's thought of scholars and many, also published many articles, but the parties to Gramsci thought as the research object of the article is rare. In this respect the original, careful reading of the original premise, and strive to show the original appearance of Gramsci's thoughts of political party.
This article is divided into four parts:
The preface introduces the significance of the thesis, the research status at home and abroad, the innovation of the paper and the methods of academic research.
The first part is the formation and development of Gramsci's political thought, briefly discusses the development process of Gramsci's political party thought. In order to obtain a clear interpretation of Gramsci 'thought, this paper will be divided into four stages: one is the theory preparation and practice of Gramsci's political party thought accumulation stage, two is the preliminary stage of Gramsci's political thought. Gramsci is the three party and the rich and development stage, four is the mature stage of the political party thought of Gramsci. This part is combined with the reality of the analysis, there are original works of the Gramsci reference and analysis, try to restore the original appearance of the history of the development of Gramsci's political thought.
The second part introduces Gramsci's political thought content includes four aspects: one is the factory Committee Gramsci thought, embodies the preliminary exploration of Gramsci on the issue of Party building. The two is the leadership of Gramsci Gramsci's leadership theory, including politics, culture, economy three meanings. Gramsci advocated the proletarian party through the construction of leadership right step by step accumulation of political capital and the strength of the masses, the overall strength of a country's national proletariat expands. The three is Gramsci's theory of intellectuals, the proletarian party should actively absorb organic intellectuals, to establish their own new world view, play on people's education, intellectual and leadership functions, and obtain the identity and agree with the masses of the people, and gradually formed a strong social group. The four is to explore the specific forms of the party to seize state power by Gramsci Gramsci based on the West. The new change of social structure, advocated the proletarian party to adopt a more flexible strategy in the historical process of seizing state power, especially the position to effectively carry out the war. The four aspects of Gramsci in different aspects of the different historical periods of political thoughts, and the specific content of this paper for the formation of the ideological source, combined with the original for a comprehensive explanation.
The third part is the analysis of Gramsci's thoughts of political party. On the one hand, Gramsci's political thought is the inheritance and development of Marx's political thought, Gramsci's thoughts of political party of the European proletarian party especially the development of the Communist Party of Italy played an important role. On the other hand, Gramsci's political thought has certain limitations, including the limited area of the time limitation, limitation of theory guidance and limitations of the theory.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D09

【参考文献】