权力精英理论与权力多元主义理论对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 19:29

本文选题：米尔斯　切入点：权力精英　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：权力是社会生活最基本的过程和政治生活中最重要的现象之一,权力关系存在于人类社会的各个层面,与人们生活息息相关,任何一个社会行为都是在行使权力,每一个社会关系都是权力均衡的结果,每一个社会团体或系统都是权力的组织。权力研究开始逐渐引起心理学、政治学、管理学等学科的高度重视。理论学界不少学者认为,绝对的权力导致绝对的腐败,权力就像是一只猛兽,如果不加以制约,拥有权力的人就会滥用手中的权力。关于权力的分配和制约,精英与大众之争引起了学界激烈的争论,其中影响最为深远的当数赖特·米尔斯为代表精英主义权力观、以罗伯特·达尔为代表的权力多元主义观。本文首先运用文献研究法和归纳对比法对米尔斯权力精英理论和罗伯特·达尔的权力多元主义理论分章进行介绍,按照理论的思想渊源、主要内容及其主要追随者对其理论的继承和发展框架进行梳理,最后分别对两人的权力理论进行了简要的评析,指出其主要贡献和局限性。由于目前国内不少学者对两种权力理论的认识有失偏颇,本文在结论部分从权力的来源、权力的运行、权力的运用方式、权力核心和社会现实等方面对两种权力理论进行对比,指出两种理论的不同点,并同时指出两种理论的相同点,以便于大家更好地理解权力精英理论和权力多元主义理论。在文章的结论最后,通过对两种理论的梳理和对比,发现他们的思想蕴含的许多关于权力的真知灼见和独到的见解,从政治层面和经济层面给予我们不少启示,比如达尔关于独立组织和集团和实行企业自治的思想等等,可以为构建符合中国特色和现实的权力制约理论提供一种思路,也可用于指导我们建设中国特色社会主义民主政治以及企业管理,这也为后续学者进行权力研究指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Power is one of the most basic processes of social life and one of the most important phenomena in political life. Power relations exist in all aspects of human society and are closely related to people's lives. Every social relationship is the result of power balance, and every social organization or system is the organization of power. Absolute power leads to absolute corruption. Power is like a monster. If it is not restricted, those who have power will abuse their power. One of the most influential is Wright Mills' view of power on behalf of elitist, and the pluralistic view of power represented by Robert Dahl. In this paper, we first introduce Mills' theory of power elite and Robert Dahl's theory of power pluralism by means of literature research and inductive comparison, according to the ideological origin of the theory. The main content and its main followers of his theory of inheritance and development framework are combed, and finally, the power theory of the two men were briefly analyzed. The author points out its main contribution and limitation. As many domestic scholars are biased in their understanding of the two power theories, this paper concludes from the sources of power, the operation of power, and the mode of application of power. Comparing the power core and the social reality, pointing out the differences between the two theories, and pointing out the similarities of the two theories at the same time. In order to facilitate the better understanding of power elite theory and power pluralism theory. At the end of the article, by combing and comparing the two theories, we find that their thoughts contain many insights and original opinions about power. From the political and economic aspects, it gives us a lot of inspiration, such as Dahl's idea of independent organizations and groups and the practice of enterprise autonomy, and so on, which can provide a way of thinking for building a theory of power restriction that conforms to the Chinese characteristics and reality. It can also be used to guide us to build socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics and enterprise management, which also points out the direction for the subsequent research on power.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D091

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