葛兰西的霸权思想研究及其现代价值

发布时间：2018-04-08 14:07

本文选题：葛兰西　切入点：国家　出处：《扬州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：葛兰西是20世纪具有重大影响的马克思主义理论家之一,他的霸权思想不但指导了欧洲的无产阶级革命,而且丰富了马克思主义内涵,为丰富马克思主义理论做出了贡献。在他的霸权思想中,对国家作出了新的界定,认为国家属于上层建筑；他认识到西方资产阶级社会中市民社会的重要性,重新对市民社会作出了界定,把市民社会理解为上层建筑中构成国家的重要力量,是保护国家的重要堡垒；他重新划分了知识分子阶层,认为知识分子可以划分为传统知识分子和有机知识分子,并且强调了形成新知识分子阶层对确立无产阶级领导权的作用,指出无产阶级要通过知识分子阶层,特别是有机知识分子阶层,培养无产阶级的力量,承担无产阶级革命思想的宣传教育。葛兰西的霸权思想在意大利无产阶级革命实践的基础上、不断完善并得到检验,是具体革命实践与革命环境相结合的产物,是对马克思主义相关理论的新发展,对我国社会主义事业仍然具有深刻的指导意义。因此进一步研究葛兰西的霸权思想,厘清并更好地运用他的霸权思想,对于推进我国社会主义政治、经济和思想文化建设,具有重要的意义。本文由五个部分构成：第一部分前言,简要论述了本文选题的意义和理由,以及对葛兰西霸权思想的研究现状。目前学术界的分歧主要在如何理解他的国家思想,因此本文对不同观点进行了分类整合并做了简要的概括,并认为,尽管目前研究成果颇丰,但针对他的完整霸权思想的研究还不是很全面,因此本文研究具有价值。该部分还介绍了本文的创新之处和研究的方法,希望在吸收、借鉴前人研究的基础上,力争系统、准确地诠释这一思想。第二部是分析葛兰西霸权思想产生的背景和渊源。这一部分是从他的霸权思想产生的过程进行探讨。本文不是按照他的生平顺序作为研究他思想发展的脉络,而是根据当时他所处的国内、国际环境,分析对他思想产生的影响,进而通过结合影响他的学术渊源来研究分析这一思想的产生和形成。第三部分是对葛兰西霸权思想的界定。分析了霸权思想的外延与内涵,本文认为他的霸权思想的外延就是霸权,就是实现上层建筑的绝对领导权,它的内涵就是领导权。并且将霸权与领导权的作用范围做了分析与说明,进而得出他的霸权思想的内涵包括三个方面,就是实现政治、经济和文化的霸权,他的霸权思想是政治、经济、文化霸权的总体构架。第四部分对霸权思想进行了解读。一是国家理论与市民社会的关系解读,分析了他的国家观,认为葛兰西的国家是政治国家和市民社会的结合体,并且阐释了国家与市民社会之间的作用关系；二是市民社会理论与知识分子阶层的关系解读,探讨了葛兰西关于市民社会和知识分子阶层相互作用的思想；三是国家与知识分子阶层的关系解读,分析了葛兰西关于国家对知识分子阶层的作用——主导知识分子阶层方向,并且能够保护知识分子阶层的领导权地位,进而分析了国家与知识分子阶层之间的相互作用和关系；最后是对国家、市民社会和知识分子阶层关系的整体解读,通过对以上关系的解读,进一步分析研究他们之间的结构构成和作用力,认为这三者之间紧密联系、相互促进,是共同构成国家堡垒的重要力量。第五部分探讨了葛兰西霸权思想的现代价值。本部分首先阐述了霸权思想对我国社会主义建设的启示,论述了新时期重视学习研究霸权思想的意义,提出要从我国具体的国情出发,借鉴其政治霸权思想,通过重视国家机器以外的维护社会安全的力量,强调民生与文化意识的领导权的结合促进新时期的国家价值的实现,要重视及教育方式和理念的转变,进而促进我国思想文化的发展；其次,本部分通过对我国具有悠久的德育思想史,将市民社会中增添具有我国特色的德育思想,并阐述了思想教育与德育思想结合的作用,通过借鉴市民社会的思想进一步认识到不断吸收德育的市民社会,是构建我国和谐社会的有力保证；最后,本部分对葛兰西霸权思想中的重要阶层——知识分子阶层的培育和形成做出了思考,强调了知识分子的作用和意义,并且探求了发展、培养知识分子的路径及方式方法。总之,将葛兰西的霸权思想与我国社会主义建设相结合,在研究中吸取其思想中的精华和科学内涵,并以此为借鉴来指导和促进我国社会主义的建设事业,是本文研究价值的体现。
[Abstract]:Gramsci is one of the twentieth Century Marx doctrine has great influence theorist, his hegemony theory not only guided the European proletarian revolution, but also enriched the connotation of the Marx doctrine, make a contribution to enrich Marx theory. In his hegemony thoughts, make a new definition to the country, that the country belongs to the superstructure; he realized the importance of the civil society of western bourgeois society, re defines the civil society, civil society to understand a country's important force for the superstructure, is to protect the nation's important fortress; he divided the intellectual class again, that the intellectuals can be divided into traditional intellectuals and organic intellectuals, and emphasizes the formation of new intellectuals on the establishment of proletarian leadership role, pointed out that the proletariat must through the intellectual class,. It is not an organic intellectual class, to cultivate the power of the proletariat and to bear the propaganda and education of the revolutionary thought of the proletariat.
Gramsci's hegemony thoughts in Italy based on the practice of the proletarian revolution, and constantly improve the product is to be tested, concrete revolutionary practice and revolutionary environment combination, is a new development of the theories of the Marx doctrine, still has a profound significance for China's socialist cause. Therefore further study of Gramsci's hegemony theory, clarify and better use of his hegemonic ideology, for promoting China's socialist political, economic and cultural construction, is of great significance. This paper consists of five parts:
The first part is the preface, briefly discusses the reason and significance of the topic, and the research status of Gramsci ideological hegemony in academic circles at present. The main difference in how to understand the idea of his country, so the different views are classified integration and made a brief summary, and that, despite the current research achievements, but researches on his whole ideological hegemony is not very comprehensive, so this research is of value. This part also introduces the method of innovation and research, in the hope that the absorption and reference on the basis of previous studies, and strive to system, accurate interpretation of the idea.
The second part is analysis of Gramsci's hegemony thought background and origin. This part is the hegemony of produce from his thought process were discussed. This is not in accordance with the order of his life as he thought development of research, but he was in according to the domestic and international environment, analysis of the influence of his thoughts, and then through a combination of to study the influence of his academic origin of this idea and form.
The third part is the definition of Gramsci ideological hegemony. Analyzed the connotation and extension of ideological hegemony, the extension of his ideological hegemony is hegemony, is to realize the absolute leadership of the superstructure, its connotation is leadership. And the scope of hegemony and leadership to do the analysis and explanation, and then draw the connotation of his ideological hegemony includes three aspects, is to realize the political, economic and cultural hegemony, his thought is the hegemony of politics, economy, architecture and cultural hegemony.
The fourth part is the interpretation of the hegemony of thought. One is the theoretical interpretation of the relationship between state and civil society, analyzes his view of the state, the state that Gramsci is a combination of political state and civil society, and explains between the state and society relations; two is the interpretation of the relationship between the theory of civil society and intellectuals. The discussion of Gramsci's civil society and the intellectual stratum interaction thought; three is the interpretation of the relationship between the state and the intellectuals, the analysis of Gramsci about the role of the state of intellectuals - leading intellectuals, and can protect the intellectual class leadership position, and then analyzes the interaction and relationship between the state and the intellectual stratum finally; for the country, the overall interpretation of civil society and the intellectual stratum relationship, through the The relationship between them is further analyzed, and the structural composition and force between them are further analyzed. It is considered that the close ties between these three elements and mutual promotion are the important forces to form the national fortress together.
The fifth part discusses the modern value of Gramsci's ideological hegemony. This part first elaborated the ideological hegemony of enlightenment to China's socialist construction, discusses the importance of learning of ideological hegemony meaning in the new period, put forward to proceed from China's specific national conditions, draw lessons from its political ideological hegemony, through to the national machine outside the maintenance of social security the power of leadership, emphasizes the combination of people's livelihood and cultural awareness of the new period to promote the realization of national value, should pay attention to the change and educational methods and ideas, and promote the development of Chinese ideology and culture; second, through this part has a long history of moral education in our country, the civil society in added moral thought with Chinese characteristics, and expounds the ideological education and moral education with the role, by referring to the idea of civil society to further realize the moral education of civil society continue to absorb Will, is a powerful guarantee for building a harmonious society in China; finally, made of thinking cultivation and formation of this part of the Gramsci thought important class hegemony intelligentsia, emphasized the importance and significance of intellectuals, and seek the development, cultivation method of path and manner of intellectuals. In short, the combination of Gramsci's hegemony thought and construction of socialist China, absorbing the best ideas and scientific connotation in the study, and as a reference to guide and promote our country's socialist construction, is the embodiment of the value.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D091

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