强制和资本视野下近代中国民族国家的成长逻辑

发布时间：2018-04-11 04:38

本文选题：强制 + 资本　；参考：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为当今世界最普遍的政治组织体系,现代民族国家依然是国际社会最重要的活动主体。现代民族国家最早产生于西欧,是西欧国家形态逐步演进的产物,也是西欧世界历史发展的过程,不同的历史以及形态各异的国情,导致西方国家在向民族国家的演进过程形成各自迥异的转变路径。而关于现代民族国家形成的理论汗牛充栋,无论是马克思.韦伯亦或是安东尼.吉登斯,都是从强制的角度出发来分析民族国家的形成模式,查尔斯.蒂利在继承和批判前人的基础上创造性地提出了影响民族国家形成的更深刻的动力——资本,强制和资本共同主导者欧洲民族国家的形成。其关于现代民族国家形成理论的提出颇具代表性,强制和资本的逻辑也为我们分析其他民族国家的形成提供了良好的模型和框架。而中国作为世界上唯一一个历史没有中断的文明古国,伴随着西方列强的船坚炮利进入了“千年未有之变局”,传统的政治制度和政治文化在西方文明的冲击之下出现了全面的危机,中国由此走上了民族国家形成之路。与早期欧洲民族国家的形成相比,作为外生型的中国的民族国家形成与之有显著地差异,因此深入挖掘近代中国民族国家形成的成长逻辑,对于丰富现代民族国家理论仍然具有重要的学术价值。本文主要基于对蒂利的“强制”和“资本”两大变量进行了重新解构和改造,对强制和资本的具体内容进行了深入的挖掘与划分,提出强制的三大要素：军队、财政机制和官僚体制以及资本的三大要素：城市、资本家和代议制民主。通过运用以上改造的强制和资本的分析框架,对近代中国强制和资本的各自演变逻辑进行了深入的剖析,据此将文章分为五部分：第一章主要是针对关于中国民族国家形成理论学术研究的梳理与回顾；第二章通过对强制和资本的分析模式的解构与重塑来搭建本文的研究框架；第三章主要分析和呈现出强制在近代中国的发展演变,从而得出军队武装的控制权、财政机制亦或是传统官僚体制都在经历衰败的同时意味着新一轮的重塑和转型,并逐步向民族国家的模式迈进；第四章分析了资本在近代中国的发展变迁：随着商业和对外贸易发展以及城市化水平的提高促进了资本的加速积累,民族资本家实力逐步增强成为中国民族国家形成的主导力量；第五章则通过”强制—资本”的研究框架对近代中国六大要素在近代中国的关系状态,探索出中国民族国家形成的特殊性及其成长逻辑。
[Abstract]:As the most universal political organization system in the world, modern nation-state is still the most important main body of international society.The modern nation-state was first produced in Western Europe. It is the product of the gradual evolution of the form of Western European countries. It is also a process of historical development in the world of Western Europe, with different histories and different forms of national conditions.As a result, Western countries have different paths in the process of evolution from nation-state to nation-state.And the theory about the formation of modern nation-state is full of money, no matter Marx.Weber or Anthony.Giddens, from the point of view of compulsion to analyze the formation of nation-state, Charles.On the basis of inheriting and criticizing the predecessors, Tilly creatively puts forward the more profound motive force that influences the formation of nation-state-capital, compulsion and capital co-dominating the formation of European nation-state.Its theory on the formation of modern nation-state is representative, and the logic of compulsion and capital also provides a good model and framework for us to analyze the formation of other nation-states.China, as the only ancient civilization in the world that has not been interrupted in history, has entered the "unprecedented change of the millennium" along with the ship of the Western powers.Under the impact of western civilization, the traditional political system and political culture have brought about a crisis, and China has thus embarked on the road of nation-state formation.Compared with the formation of the early European nation-state, there is a significant difference between the formation of the nation-state of China as an exogenous type and the formation of the nation-state, so the growth logic of the formation of the nation-state in modern China is deeply explored.It still has important academic value for enriching the theory of modern nation-state.Based on the deconstruction and transformation of Tilly's two major variables of "compulsion" and "capital", this paper deeply excavates and classifies the specific contents of compulsion and capital, and puts forward three elements of coercion: the army.Financial mechanism and bureaucracy and three elements of capital: city, capitalists and representative democracy.Through the use of the above transformation of the mandatory and capital analysis framework, the modern Chinese mandatory and capital evolution of the logic of the respective in-depth analysis,According to this, the article is divided into five parts: the first chapter is mainly aimed at combing and reviewing the academic research on the formation theory of China's nation-state, the second chapter sets up the research frame of this paper by deconstructing and reshaping the analytical model of compulsion and capital.The third chapter mainly analyzes and presents the development and evolution of compulsion in modern China, and concludes that the control of the armed forces, the financial mechanism or the traditional bureaucratic system are all going through a decline, which means a new round of remodeling and transformation.The fourth chapter analyzes the development and changes of capital in modern China: with the development of commerce and foreign trade and the improvement of urbanization level, it promotes the accelerated accumulation of capital.The strength of national capitalists has gradually become the leading force in the formation of China's nation-state. Chapter five, through the research framework of "compulsory-capital", analyzes the relationship between the six elements of modern China in modern China.To explore the particularity of the formation of China's nation-state and its growth logic.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D032

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