“五德终始说”之理论逻辑与现实困境——以王莽代汉立新为中心的讨论

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:21

本文选题：五德终始 + 政权合法性　；参考：《中州学刊》2017年02期

【摘要】：建基于宇宙系统信仰之上的"五德终始"学说是中国传统政治哲学中论证建立政权合法性的重要理论工具。西汉初年开始,以"五德相胜"为基础展开了一场汉承何德的讨论;到了西汉末年,以刘歆为代表的儒生又以"五德相生"为中心为王莽的代汉立新进行合法性论证。从"五德相胜"到"五德相生"的这一转换,既有理论自身发展的逻辑可循,同时又与现实政治的发展密切相关。但"五德终始说"作为阐释政权合法性的基本理论,其自身的困境与局限也不容忽视。新王朝的开创者可以凭借"五德终始说"来论证建立政权的合法性,那么长久执政合法性的论证与维系,就已经远远超出"五德终始说"所能涵盖的范围。这一困境与尴尬在王莽代汉立新的政治事件中表现得尤为明显,亦在某种程度上决定了它在宋以后逐渐被消解与扬弃的命运。
[Abstract]:Based on the system of faith "Five Virtues" theory is an important theoretical tool to establish proof of political legitimacy China traditional political philosophy. In the early Han Dynasty began to "five interchecking" as the basis for discussion of a Chinese bearing holder; in the Western Han Dynasty, with Liu Hsin as the representative of the Confucian scholars as "the students" as the center for Wang Mang's new generation of Chinese legal argumentation. From the "Five - phase" to "the transformation of five students", both the logical theory of their own development, while development and politics are closely related. But the "Five Virtues" as the explanation of the basic theory of legal regime in nature, its own difficulties and limitations can not be ignored. A pioneer of the new dynasty with "Five Virtues" to demonstrate the establishment of the legitimacy of the regime, so long to maintain the legitimacy of the ruling and demonstration, it has been far beyond the theory "" This dilemma and embarrassment is particularly evident in Wang Mang's new political events. It also determines to a certain extent that it has been gradually dissolved and abandoned after Song Dynasty.

【作者单位】：华侨大学哲学与社会发展学院;
【基金】：华侨大学科研基金资助项目“汉代儒家的德位关系思考”(15SKBS107);华侨大学哲学社会科学青年学者成长工程个人项目“中国传统政治哲学视域中的政权正当性问题研究”(14SKGC-QG12)
【分类号】：D0

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