政治宽容:分歧、共识及其发展

发布时间：2018-04-15 14:58

本文选题：政治宽容 + 个人美德　；参考：《学习与探索》2017年07期

【摘要】：政治宽容是现代政治文明的重要表现和内在要求,但是,不同的时代、不同的国家以及不同社会群体对政治宽容有着不尽相同的理解和实践要求。从历史上看,政治宽容经历了从古代政治宽容到现代政治宽容的转变,从宗教宽容、社会宽容到政治宽容的拓展。人们对于政治宽容的本质与属性、目的和基础、边界与限度等存在不同的认识,中西政治宽容也呈现出"情理宽容"和"法理宽容"的不同特点。但总的来看,政治宽容已经成为政治文明发展的重要成果,它不仅是一种政治态度和政治行为,更是一种政治权利和政治责任;不仅表现为个人美德和政治素养,也表现为公共道德和政治伦理;不仅追求最大限度的统一与共识,更致力于多元共存与多元一体。宽容不是宽恕、忍让或纵容,而是对自由的尊重和保护,自由的边界就是宽容的底线。随着政治文明的发展,政治宽容的空间也不断扩大,制度化保护日益强化。从一定意义上说,政治宽容的制度化保护程度在相当程度上决定了政治宽容本身的实现程度,也体现了现代政治文明的发展高度。
[Abstract]:Political tolerance is an important expression and internal requirement of modern political civilization. However, in different times, different countries and different social groups have different understanding and practical requirements for political tolerance.Historically, political tolerance has experienced the transformation from ancient political tolerance to modern political tolerance, from religious tolerance, social tolerance to political tolerance.People have different understanding of the essence and attribute, purpose and foundation, boundary and limit of political tolerance, and Chinese and Western political tolerance also show different characteristics of "reasonable tolerance" and "legal tolerance".But on the whole, political tolerance has become an important achievement in the development of political civilization. It is not only a political attitude and behavior, but also a political right and a political responsibility.It not only pursues the unity and consensus to the maximum extent, but also devotes to the coexistence and integration of pluralism.Tolerance is not forgiveness, tolerance or connivance, but respect and protection of freedom, the boundary of freedom is the bottom line of tolerance.With the development of political civilization, the space of political tolerance is expanding and the institutional protection is being strengthened day by day.To a certain extent, the degree of institutionalized protection of political tolerance determines the degree of realization of political tolerance itself, and also reflects the development of modern political civilization.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学政治学研究院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“特大城市阶层的空间分布与社会融合”(16YJC840031) 2015年中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”人才工程资助项目“中国农村治理转型与现代化研究”
【分类号】：D0

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