卢梭与柏克国家学说比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 23:11

本文选题：卢梭 + 柏克　；参考：《学术界》2014年07期

【摘要】：卢梭与柏克国家学说的分歧主要表现在"社会契约论"与"代际契约论"、"平等的宗教观"与"自由的宗教观"、"人民的国家"与"精英的国家"等方面。他们在政治思想上的冲突,反映了19世纪以来革命与改革、平等与自由、激进与保守的争论。比较两个政治思想家的国家学说,撷取其思想的精华,可以为我国社会主义民主政治建设提供警示。柏克思想中反民主、反人民的观点必须摒弃,而取其尊重传统的思想。卢梭思想中带有浓重"民粹"色彩的部分也必须摒弃,而其启蒙现代民主宪政的思想,如民主共和与人民主权的理念,则可以吸收。当前我国民主政治建设和政治体制改革,必须坚持人民当家作主原则,加强法治建设,注重社会公平与正义,兼顾各方合理利益,实现社会和谐。
[Abstract]:The differences between Rousseau and Burke's theory of state are mainly manifested in "social contract theory" and "intergenerational contract theory", "equal religious view" and "free religious view", "people's country" and "elite country" and so on.Their political conflicts reflect the revolution and reform, equality and freedom, radical and conservative debates since the 19 th century.Comparing the state theory of two political thinkers and retrieving the essence of their thoughts can provide warning for the construction of socialist democratic politics in our country.The anti-democracy and anti-people views in Burke's thought must be abandoned and the traditional ideas should be respected.The part of Rousseau's thought with a strong "populist" color must also be discarded, and his ideas of enlightening modern democratic constitutionalism, such as democratic republic and people's sovereignty, can be absorbed.At present, China's democratic political construction and political system reform must adhere to the principle of the people as masters of the country, strengthen the construction of the rule of law, pay attention to social fairness and justice, take into account the reasonable interests of all parties, and achieve social harmony.
【作者单位】：南京工程学院人文与社会科学学院;
【分类号】：D091

【共引文献】