胡适与张君劢自由主义思想比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 00:37

本文选题：自由主义 + 胡适　；参考：《天津师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自由主义作为中国近代思想史上的一种重要政治思潮,对后世的自由民主价值观的形成具有深远影响。胡适和张君劢作为中国自由主义的两个派别的典型代表,对自由主义在中国的传播起到了积极的推动作用。胡适与张君劢的自由主义思想有许多共同点,如他们都十分注重人权的保障；都强调宪法对于民主政治的重要意义；都反对流血的暴力革命,而希望通过温和的渐进的方式进行改革,以便对政府进行良性改造。但是他们对于自由主义的实施方式上有一定区别,胡适曾说过自己“二十年不谈政治”,所以他更多的是在思想上对公民进行自由主义的改造。而张君劢却积极组织政党,制定宪法,希望通过政治途径来实现自由主义。由于知识分子的思想局限性和近代中国的国情,无论是胡适的“观念的自由主义”还是张君劢“行动的自由主义”,最后在中国都是行不通的。但是今天我们之所以重新对胡适和张君劢等自由主义学者进行研究,因为他们倡导将自由主义变成一个社会普遍的态度：人民的自由神圣不可侵犯,政府和法律应对个人的自由权利进行保障,这些对于我们今天的政治文明建设具有重要的参考价值。
[Abstract]:As an important political trend in the history of China ' s modern ideology , liberalism has far - reaching influence on the formation of liberal democratic values in China . Hu Shi and Zhang Junmai are typical representatives of the two factions of China ' s liberalism , which have played a positive role in the spread of liberalism in China .

Hu Shi and Zhang Junmai ' s liberalism thought has many common points , as they all pay attention to human rights protection ;
The importance of the constitution to democratic politics is emphasized .
All of them oppose the violent revolution of bloodshed , and hope to reform in a moderate and gradual way so as to make a benign transformation to the government . But they have a certain difference in the way of liberalism , so he has said that he has " 20 years of talking politics " , so he is more ideological on the liberal transformation of citizens . But Zhang Junmai actively organizes political parties , develops a constitution , and hopes to achieve liberalism through political ways .

Because of the limitations of intellectual ' s ideology and the situation of modern China , whether Hu Shi ' s " liberal " or " liberalism " of Zhang Junmai ' s actions is not feasible in China . But today we re - examine the liberal scholars such as Hu Shi and Zhang Junmai , because they advocate the transformation of liberalism into a general attitude of society : the freedom of the people is not infringed , the government and the law should guarantee the free right of individuals , which have important reference value for the political civilization construction of our today .

【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D091

【参考文献】