卢梭《忏悔录》教育思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:39

本文选题：卢梭 + 忏悔录　；参考：《河南科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：让-雅克·卢梭是法国伟大的启蒙思想家、哲学家、教育家和文学家。他在晚年的时候创作了一部旷世著作《忏悔录》，这不仅是一部自传、文学作品，还穿插、渗透着卢梭许多的教育思想。书中卢梭通过对自己的童年、少年以及成年的种种生活经历的描述，来体现他的相关教育思想。主要包括四个方面：一是尊重儿童的天性；二是教育子女是父母的责任；三是教育者要遵循学生的自然发展规律；四是初期的教育应该选择远离都市的自然环境。在肯定卢梭的教育思想具有进步意义的同时，还应该看到其中存在的局限性。首先，卢梭过分夸大了天性在教育中的作用；其次，卢梭提出教育的目的是培养“自然人”，但是却脱离了社会的影响；最后，卢梭反对经院式的封建教育方式，完全否定课堂教学和系统知识的学习。分析了《忏悔录》中教育思想的利与弊后，其中的精华部分对目前我国的思想政治教育状况是具有启示作用的：第一，以学生为本，充分尊重学生；第二，教育要回归自然，走出说教王国；第三，教育要循序渐进，因材施教；第四，学生需要一个良好的学习环境；第五，重视学生的生活体验和主动经验的获得。本文主要采用了以下研究方法：一是文本研究方法。通读原著，仔细地阅读，对原著的相关思想具有全面的把握。二是归纳与概括的研究方法。对《忏悔录》中的教育思想进行提取、摘录、归纳，并对其概括和总结。三是分析与综合的方法。分析《忏悔录》中教育思想的同时，，应与卢梭所处的时代背景相结合，分析其中的利与弊，最后汲取其精华的部分，与我国的教育实际相结合。
[Abstract]:Jean-Jacques Rousseau is a great French enlightenment thinker, philosopher, educator and writer. In his later years, he wrote a masterpiece, confession, which is not only an autobiography, a literary work, but also interspersed with Rousseau's many educational thoughts. In the book, Rousseau reflects his educational thoughts by describing his childhood, youth and various life experiences in adulthood. It mainly includes four aspects: first, respecting the nature of children; second, educating children is the responsibility of parents; third, educators should follow the law of students' natural development; fourth, early education should choose the natural environment far from the city. While affirming that Rousseau's educational thought has progressive significance, we should also see its limitations. First, Rousseau exaggerates the role of nature in education; secondly, Rousseau proposes that the purpose of education is to cultivate "natural persons", but it is divorced from the influence of society. Finally, Rousseau opposes the feudal way of education. Totally negate classroom teaching and systematic knowledge learning. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the educational thought in the confession, the essence of it has enlightening effect on the present situation of ideological and political education in our country: first, it should be student-oriented and fully respect students; second, education should return to nature. Out of the preaching kingdom; third, education should be gradual and gradual, teaching according to their aptitude; fourth, students need a good learning environment; fifthly, pay attention to the students' life experience and the acquisition of active experience. This paper mainly adopts the following research methods: first, the text research method. Read through the original, read carefully, the original has a comprehensive grasp of the relevant ideas. The second is the research method of induction and generalization. This paper extracts, extracts, induces, summarizes and summarizes the educational thoughts in confession. Third, the method of analysis and synthesis. When analyzing the educational thought in confession, we should combine it with the background of Rousseau's times, analyze its advantages and disadvantages, and finally draw the best part of it and combine it with the educational reality of our country.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D091

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