20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 05:18

本文选题：20世纪 + 90年代　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：20世纪是人类社会发展中一个重要的时代,这种重要性不仅体现在经济的高速发展,也体现在科学技术的快速进步。然而经济和科技的进步在给人们带来舒适、方便、快捷生活的同时,也带来了关系到人类生存的生态问题。西方理论界对于生态的研究趋于成熟,中国目前进行的现代化建设,尽管给人们的生活带来巨大的成果,但也无法回避环境恶化的问题。中国的学者们在进行国内生态思考时,应该吸收西方环境思想的合理成分,本文以此为目的研究20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义思想,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。本文采用了文本解读、过程研究和比较研究相结合的方式,对20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义资料首次进行了整理、比较和分析。首先,整体把握生态社会主义思潮的产生背景和发展过程,其中对20世纪90年代以来的人物和表象特征做了详细介绍和总结,人物主要以佩珀、奥康纳、福斯特、萨卡等学者为主,表象特征包括五个方面：反思苏联的生态教训；提出生态帝国主义新理论；提出更成熟务实的理论；对马克思思想的重新认识；坚持现代人类中心主义立场。其次,在哲学认知层面上,20世纪90年代的生态社会主义思潮经历了从生态中心主义向现代人类中心主义的转化,其关键问题在于寻找生态危机的价值根源：是什么导致了人与自然关系的断裂?现代人类中心主义在不断反思中得以重新构建自己的体系,开始关注人与自然的可持续发展,力证人在维护生态环境方面的重要性和不可替代性。再次,在对生态危机的根源认知和批判角度层面上,20世纪90年代的生态社会主义思潮有了更深刻地解读,一方面,反对把科学技术和现代化作为生态危机的根源,强调并论证了资本主义生产方式才是生态危机的根源；另一方面,强调社会的发展应该是以个人的自由发展和非定量的社会文化发展为准则,从而走向一个物质上节俭、生态上持续、精神上自由的社会。最后,在社会变革层面,生态社会主义对于解决生态危机的方案大体有激进和改良两种,20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义者倾向于对生态运动进行马克思主义改造,寻找一种可行性更强的“双赢”方案：“红绿联盟”。总的来说,20世纪90年代以来的生态社会主义思想存在着一定的合理成分,在论文最后对其进行了客观的评价,并探讨了生态社会主义思潮对于建设有中国特色社会主义的启示。
[Abstract]:The 20th century is an important era in the development of human society, which is not only reflected in the rapid development of economy, but also in the rapid progress of science and technology. However, the progress of economy and technology not only brings people comfortable, convenient and quick life, but also brings about ecological problems related to human survival. The study of ecology in the western theorists tends to mature. Although the modernization construction in China has brought great achievements to people's lives, it can not avoid the problem of environmental deterioration. Chinese scholars should absorb the rational elements of western environmental thoughts when they think about ecology in China. This paper aims at studying the ecological socialism thought since 1990s, which has great theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the data of ecological socialism since the 1990s are sorted, compared and analyzed for the first time in the way of text interpretation, process study and comparative study. First of all, we should grasp the background and development process of the trend of thought of ecological socialism as a whole. Among them, we have made a detailed introduction and summary of the characters and appearances since the 1990s. The main characters are Pepper, O'Connor, Foster. Some scholars, such as Saca, mainly have five aspects: reflecting on the ecological lessons of the Soviet Union; putting forward new theories of ecological imperialism; putting forward more mature and pragmatic theories; reunderstanding of Marx's thought; and adhering to the position of modern anthropocentrism. Secondly, on the level of philosophical cognition, the trend of thought of ecological socialism in the 1990s has undergone a transformation from ecocentrism to modern anthropocentrism. The key question is to find the value root of the ecological crisis: what caused the rupture of the relationship between man and nature? Modern anthropocentrism has been able to reconstruct its own system through continuous reflection, and has begun to pay attention to the sustainable development of man and nature, and to demonstrate the importance and irreplaceable importance of human beings in maintaining the ecological environment. Thirdly, from the perspective of understanding and criticizing the origin of the ecological crisis, the trend of thought of ecological socialism in the 1990s has been interpreted more deeply. On the one hand, it opposes taking science and technology and modernization as the root of the ecological crisis. Emphasizing and demonstrating that the capitalist mode of production is the root of the ecological crisis; on the other hand, emphasizing that the development of society should be guided by the free development of the individual and the development of non-quantitative social culture, thus moving towards a material frugality, An ecologically sustainable, spiritually free society. Finally, at the level of social change, the ecological socialism has two kinds of radical and improved ecological socialism since the 1990s, which tend to carry on the Marxist transformation to the ecological movement, in general, the ecological socialism to solve the ecological crisis has two kinds of radical and the improvement to carry on the Marxism transformation to the ecological movement. Looking for a more feasible "win-win" solution: the "Red and Green Alliance." Generally speaking, there are some reasonable elements in the thought of ecological socialism since the 1990s. At the end of the paper, the author makes an objective evaluation of the thought of ecological socialism and probes into the enlightenment of the trend of thought of ecological socialism for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：X2;D091.6

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