矛盾、妥协与进

发布时间：2018-04-30 17:33

本文选题：道统 + 政统　；参考：《现代哲学》2017年02期

【摘要】：德、位乖离是先秦儒家政治哲学必须面对的问题,也是理解孟子道统论的切入点。面对德与位的现实矛盾,孟子相较于孔子表现出更多的妥协,其表现就是以“仁政”代替孔子的“德治”主张,在承认道统与政统背离的现实无法改变的状况下,希望政统接受道统的裁制与指导。然而这就必须提高道统的地位,确立其独立性与至上性。孟子采取的方法是构建系统化的道统理论,这种构建通过两个途径来实现:其一,通过以孔子之道对政治的指导性价值代替实然的历史功业,弥合孔子有德无位与上古圣王德位双全的差异,将孔子确立为传道之圣人,以确定道统相对于政统的独立性;其二,以道统传承的严整的时间形式,表明道统具有天命性质,以确定其至上性。
[Abstract]:Virtue and good departure are not only the problems that Confucian political philosophy must face before Qin Dynasty, but also the breakthrough point to understand Mencius' doctrine of Taoism. In the face of the realistic contradiction between morality and position, Mencius showed more compromises than Confucius, whose expression was to replace Confucius'"rule of virtue" with "benevolent government", while acknowledging that the reality of the deviation between Taoism and political unity could not be changed. It is hoped that the government will accept the ruling system and guidance of Taoism. However, it is necessary to improve the status of Taoism and establish its independence and supremacy. Mencius adopted the method of constructing a systematic theory of Taoism, which was realized through two ways: first, by replacing the actual historical achievements with the guiding value of Confucius' way to politics. Bridging the difference between Confucius' having morality and no position and ancient Saint Wang De's position, Confucius was established as a preaching saint in order to determine the independence of the Taoist system relative to the administrative system; secondly, the strict time form of the inheritance of the Taoist system showed that the Taoist system had the nature of destiny. To determine its supremacy.

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