浅析伯林的价值多元论和自由主义的关系

发布时间：2018-05-31 05:30

本文选题：以赛亚·伯林 + 价值多元论　；参考：《天津师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 自从以赛亚·伯林明确提出价值多元论这一概念之后,围绕这一主题的讨论纷至沓来,其中一个核心争论就是价值多元论与自由主义之间的关系,这一争论契合了西方学界关于自由主义普遍性与特殊性、中立性与至善性的讨论,引起了广泛的关注。价值多元论被认为是对自由主义的巨大挑战而引起很多西方学者的讨论,然而本文并不意欲对这一问题做全面的梳理,而是从伯林的思想出发,认识到其思想中存在的一种张力,这种张力来自于伯林思想中看似矛盾的两个部分,一部分是借助于反启蒙思想家对启蒙传统的批判而对自由主义发展过程中对积极自由的过分强调提出质问,另一部分是通过对自由概念的确证和对积极自由的批判、对消极自由的倡导而扭转自由的失落的趋势。这两部分看似矛盾,然而实则为一种辩证的关系,即通过对自由主义观念的反思促进自由主义的发展。由伯林思想中的张力所引发的讨论集中体现在乔治·克劳德和约翰·格雷对价值多元论与自由主义之关系的争论中,因此本文试图从这二者之间的争论来一步一步分析伯林思想的真正诉求所在,并从中得出一个较为中庸的结论,即价值多元论的实质是伯林论证自由主义的一条途径,并不是对自由主义的颠覆。这对重新认识伯林的价值多元论与自由主义的关系,对进一步研究自由主义有重大意义。
[Abstract]:Since Isaiah Berlin put forward the concept of value pluralism, there has been a great deal of discussion on this subject. One of the central arguments is the relationship between value pluralism and liberalism. This argument coincides with the discussion on the universality and particularity of liberalism, neutrality and goodness in western academic circles. Value pluralism is regarded as a great challenge to liberalism, which has aroused the discussion of many western scholars. However, this paper does not intend to make a comprehensive combing of this problem, but from the perspective of Berlin's thought. Aware of the tension that exists in his thoughts, which comes from two seemingly contradictory parts of Berlin's thought, Some of them question the positive freedom in the development of liberalism by criticizing the Enlightenment tradition by anti-enlightenment thinkers. The other part is through the confirmation of the concept of freedom and the criticism of the positive freedom. The advocacy of negative freedom reverses the lost trend of freedom. These two parts may seem contradictory, but in fact they are dialectical, that is, to promote the development of liberalism through the reflection of liberalism. The discussion caused by the tension in Berlin's thought is embodied in the argument between George Crowder and John Gray on the relationship between value pluralism and liberalism. Therefore, this paper tries to analyze the real demand of Berlin's thought step by step from the argument between them, and draw a relatively moderate conclusion that the essence of value pluralism is a way for Bolin to demonstrate liberalism. It is not a subversion of liberalism. It is of great significance to reunderstand the relationship between Berlin's value pluralism and liberalism and to further study liberalism.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D091

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