列宁邓小平权力制约与监督思想比较分析

发布时间：2018-06-03 23:01

本文选题：列宁 + 邓小平　；参考：《西北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：加强权力制约与监督是西方政治文明的优秀成果之一,也是现代政治民主化进程中的重要内容。加强对执政党的权力制约与监督是马克思主义的基本原则,是社会主义国家执政党巩固执政地位的必然要求。为优化新型社会主义国家的政治发展,推进社会主义民主政治建设,列宁邓小平对如何加强权力制约与监督进行了艰辛探索,并分别形成了完整科学的理论,这一理论是对马克思主义创始人关于权力制约与监督思想的继承与发展,也是马克思主义的重要组成部分之一。列宁、邓小平的权力制约与监督思想既具有一致性,也存在一定的差异性。其一致性主要表现在：在理论渊源上存在一致性,都是对西方权力制约与监督思想的借鉴,都是对马克思主义创始人关于权力制约与监督思想的发展；在理论品质上存在一致性,都体现了实事求是和与时俱进的理论品质；在内容上存在一致性,都要求加强党政权力的制约与监督,重视坚持和健全民主集中制,强调以“权利制约权力”,并严惩滥用权力者,同各种不正之风作斗争。差异性主要表现在：权力制约与监督在产生原因上的差异,主要有：时代背景不同,国内条件不同,历史原因不同；实践形式上的差异,主要有：制度设计不同,机构设置不同；权力制约与监督的运行模式上存在差异；以及权力制约与监督的核心不同等。比较分析列宁邓小平权力制约与监督思想,对于新时期我国加强权力制约与监督具有重要启示：要加强制度建设,廉政建设,法制建设,加强对党和领导干部的制约与监督,实行党政分开,加强对权力客体的监督作用等。
[Abstract]:Strengthening power restriction and supervision is one of the outstanding achievements of western political civilization, and it is also an important content in the process of modern political democratization. Strengthening the power restriction and supervision of the ruling party is the basic principle of Marxism and the inevitable requirement for the ruling party of the socialist country to consolidate its ruling position. In order to optimize the political development of new socialist countries and promote the construction of socialist democratic politics, Lenin Deng Xiaoping made arduous exploration on how to strengthen power restriction and supervision, and formed a complete and scientific theory respectively. This theory not only inherits and develops the thought of power restriction and supervision of the founder of Marxism, but also is one of the important components of Marxism. Lenin, Deng Xiaoping's thought of power restriction and supervision is not only consistent, but also different. Its consistency is mainly manifested in: there is consistency in the theoretical origin, which is the reference to the western thought of power restriction and supervision, as well as the development of Marxist founder's thought on power restriction and supervision; Consistency in theoretical quality reflects the theoretical quality of seeking truth from facts and keeping pace with the times; consistency in content requires strengthening the restriction and supervision of party and government power, attaching importance to upholding and perfecting democratic centralism, Emphasis is placed on restricting power by right, severely punishing those who abuse power, and fighting against all kinds of unhealthy tendencies. The differences are mainly reflected in the differences in the causes of power restriction and supervision, such as: different background of the times, different domestic conditions, different historical reasons, differences in practice forms, such as different system design, The institutional setting is different; the operation mode of power restriction and supervision is different; and the core of power restriction and supervision is not the same. A comparative analysis of Lenin's thought of power restriction and supervision in Deng Xiaoping has important implications for strengthening power restriction and supervision in China in the new period: strengthening the construction of system, building a clean government, building a legal system, strengthening the restriction and supervision of the Party and leading cadres, The party and government should be separated from each other and the supervisory function of the object of power should be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A821;A849.1;D035.4

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