托马斯公民参与决策理论研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 06:24

本文选题：公民参与 + 公共决策　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：公共决策的科学化与民主化一直以来都是各国政府面对的一个重要问题,而促进公共决策科学化、民主化的重要途径即是公民参与公共决策。公民参与的实质性意义在于公民参与的可操作性,而公民参与决策的方式也是公民顺利进入到政府公共决策过程的重要保证。在二十一世纪的今天,公共管理者与公民之间更应该是一种合作的关系,因此公民参与公共决策的方式更强调其积极地参与到公共决策的各个过程中去。这就要求公共政策制定者在政策供给时必须要考虑公民的利益需求,切实将公民参与纳入到公共决策过程中来,从而提升政府公共服务品质。但目前我国公共管理者对于公民参与公共决策制定过程的关注还远远不够,公民参与的具体机制亦不成熟。西方国家兴起的行政改革浪潮,为公民有效参与决策过程提供了一个全新的视角。它既有利于推动人类社会政治文明的进程,也有利于服务型政府的建构和社会主义和谐社会的建设。本文从系统性的闸述托马斯教授公民参与决策理论入手,期望能给我国公共决策中公民参与决策体制的完善有所帮助。本文详细阐述了托马斯教授的公民参与决策理论构建的一个公民积极参与的有效决策模型,分析了其为公共管理者提供了5种可供选择的决策方式。在这个模型中,托马斯教授反复思考并介绍的公共管理者在不同决策背景下,需要如何界定标准进而选择不同范围及不同程度的公民参与这一核心问题,这恰恰也是中国政府管理者在当今公民参与决策迅速发展的背景下迫切需要回应的问题。本文通过分析公民参与决策的适宜度,为管理者提出相应的特定政策问题的公民参与方式,为了方便对这些技术方法进行选择。本文还详细阐述了公民参与决策技术的分类标准,分别是以获取信息为目标的公民参与和以增进政策可接受性的公民参与。最后,为公民参与决策提出了公民参与的共同生产：化及公民参与决策角色的制度化两种公民参与的新形式。本文以公共决策中的公民参与问题作为选题,其研究目的在于帮助公共管理者一定程度上确定公民参与的标准及方式,从而促进公共管理者与公民参与之间的良性互动和合作,形成有效、有序的公民参与决策氛围。因此,本文在客观评价托马斯公民参与决策理论的基础上,提出了其理论对我国公民参与决策的现现启示,尤其在增进公民参与决策的有序化和捉升公共管理者管理技能方面的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The scientization and democratization of public decision-making has always been an important issue facing governments of all countries, and the important way to promote the scientization of public decision-making is for citizens to participate in public decision-making. The substantive significance of citizen participation lies in the maneuverability of citizen participation, and the way of citizen participation in decision-making is also an important guarantee for citizens to enter the government public decision-making process smoothly. In the 21 century, the relationship between public administrators and citizens should be more cooperative, so the way that citizens participate in public decision-making emphasizes their active participation in all the processes of public decision-making. This requires public policy makers to take into account the interests of citizens in the policy supply process and to effectively integrate citizen participation into the process of public decision-making so as to improve the quality of government public service. However, at present, the attention of public administrators on citizen participation in public decision-making process is far from enough, and the concrete mechanism of citizen participation is not mature. The wave of administrative reform in western countries provides a new perspective for citizens to participate in the decision-making process effectively. It is not only conducive to promoting the process of political civilization of human society, but also conducive to the construction of service-oriented government and the construction of a harmonious socialist society. This paper begins with the systematic introduction of Thomas' theory of citizen participation in decision-making, hoping that it will be helpful to improve the system of citizen participation in public decision making in our country. This paper expounds in detail an effective decision-making model of citizen active participation, which is constructed by Professor Thomas' theory of citizen participation, and analyses five kinds of decision-making modes that can be chosen for public administrators. In this model, Professor Thomas repeatedly pondered and introduced the central question of how public administrators, in different decision-making contexts, need to define criteria and then select different ranges and degrees of citizen participation. This is precisely the question that Chinese government managers urgently need to respond to in the context of the rapid development of citizen participation in decision-making. Based on the analysis of the suitability of citizen participation in decision-making, this paper puts forward the corresponding specific policy issues for managers to participate in citizen participation, in order to facilitate the choice of these technical methods. This paper also elaborates on the classification criteria of citizen participation in decision-making, which are citizen participation with the aim of obtaining information and citizen participation with the aim of enhancing policy acceptability. Finally, two new forms of citizen participation are put forward for citizen participation in decision-making, that is, the co-production of citizen participation and the institutionalization of citizen participation in decision-making role. The purpose of this paper is to help public administrators to determine the standards and ways of citizen participation to a certain extent, so as to promote the positive interaction and cooperation between public administrators and citizens. To form an effective and orderly atmosphere for citizens to participate in decision-making. Therefore, based on the objective evaluation of Thomas' theory of citizen participation in decision-making, this paper puts forward the present enlightenment of his theory on the participation of Chinese citizens in decision-making. Especially in enhancing citizen participation in decision-making orderly and to capture the management skills of public managers.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D035

【参考文献】