罗尔斯政治建构主义中康德哲学的因素

发布时间：2018-06-23 14:44

本文选题：罗尔斯 + 康德　；参考：《辽宁大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：政治建构主义是一种关于政治的观念,或者说它是一种方法,我们从狭义上理解建构主义完全可以把他归于罗尔斯的具体学说,罗尔斯整个正义理论都建立在这样一种方法之上。当我们理解建构主义是一种方法的话,可以找到作为解释意义上的建构主义,这就是大名鼎鼎的契约论传统,罗尔斯重要的理论来源就是这一契约论思想和康德的道德哲学中的建构主义的表述方式。本为就是要讨论康德的道德建构主义对罗尔斯产生了哪些影响,以及在这些影响下罗尔斯的哲学有了哪些发展和变化,开篇我们就讨论康德的道德建构主义,他的道德建构主义以先验唯心论和哥白尼革命为前提和基础,以实践理性为主体,建立了他的道德哲学的基本法则和内容,这就是康德意义上的建构主义。罗尔斯继承了康德的观念,他提出了以无知之幕为遮蔽的原初状态程序,建构了他的两个正义原则,同时为了保证这一原则能够为现代民主社会所用,他又提出了重叠共识观念,以保证依靠两个正义原则所建立起来的社会是稳定的,同时也是为了应对自《正义论》发表一来所产生的各种批评的声音。这两个步骤完成之后,整个社会变成一个秩序良好且稳定的社会,这也是罗尔斯为其理论可能付诸实施,所做出的一个勇敢的努力。罗尔斯对自己的理论做出了许多修改,这种修改是他试图撇清与康德的关系,本文也找出其中的一些批判,但是从根本上说,罗尔斯的理论根基来源于康德,不论怎样修改,他们的继承关系都是非常明显的。
[Abstract]:Political constructivism is a concept of politics, or a method, and we understand it in a narrow sense as the concrete theory that Rawls can attribute to constructivism. Rawls' whole theory of justice is based on such a method. When we understand that constructivism is a method, we can find constructivism as an explanation, which is the well-known tradition of contract theory. The important theoretical source of Rawls is the expression of constructivism in this contractual thought and Kant's moral philosophy. The purpose is to discuss the influence of Kant's moral constructivism on Rawls, and the development and change of Rawls' philosophy under these influences. In the beginning, we will discuss Kant's moral constructivism. His moral constructivism is based on the transcendental idealism and the Copernican revolution, and takes the practical reason as the main body, and establishes the basic principles and contents of his moral philosophy, which is Constructivism in the sense of Kant. Rawls inherited Kant's idea and put forward the original state procedure, which was sheltered by the curtain of ignorance, and constructed his two principles of justice, and in order to ensure that this principle could be used in modern democratic society. He also put forward the concept of overlapping consensus to ensure that the society built on the two principles of justice is stable, and also to respond to the various critical voices generated by the publication of the Theory of Justice. After the completion of these two steps, the whole society becomes a well-ordered and stable society, which is a brave effort by Rawls to put his theory into practice. Rawls has made many modifications to his theory, which is his attempt to set aside his relationship with Kant. This paper also finds out some of the criticisms, but fundamentally speaking, Rawls' theoretical foundation comes from Kant, no matter how modified. Their inheritance relationship is very obvious.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D09

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