生态社会主义的理论前提及其批判

发布时间：2018-06-29 11:15

本文选题：生态危机 + 生态社会主义　；参考：《东北农业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球生态危机的日益凸显,生态社会主义越来越受到理论界的关注。生态社会主义思潮产生于20世纪70年代,是西方生态运动中的一个重要派别。生态社会主义以独特的视角阐释了人与自然的关系,探讨了生态危机产生的根源以及消解人类生存困境的途径,揭示出资本主义制度与生态危机具有必然联系,认为解决生态危机必须与社会主义结合,从而构想了生态社会主义的理想方案。生态社会主义从萌芽到理论成熟,不同阶段、不同生态社会主义学者的观点虽然不尽一致,但总体上这些理论观点仍然具有内在的一致性。生态社会主义的理论前提对解决当前的生态危机具有更重要的意义。本文的主旨是通过从前提的角度分析解读生态社会主义,充分发掘其理论的内涵,寻求人与自然和谐发展的理论前提,从而为我国生态文明建设提供更多深层的思想借鉴。本文的内容主要包括以下六个部分：第一部分,首先介绍选题的背景和意义,其次对生态社会主义的国内外文献做简单的归纳总结,为后面对生态社会主义的深入研究奠定一定的理论基础。第二部分,论述生态社会主义产生的背景和演变过程。二战后伴随资本主义经济与科技的飞速发展,生态环境遭到了严重破坏,全球生态危机的出现促使了生态社会主义的产生。西方绿色运动的风起云涌直接推动了生态社会主义的发展。生态社会主义的演变经历70年代的萌芽、80年代的发展和90年代以后的臻于成熟三个阶段,每个时期都有不同的代表人物、代表观点和阶段特征。第三部分,阐述生态社会主义的核心思想。一是对生态危机成因的分析,生态社会主义认为科技的资本主义使用是生态危机产生的重要原因,虚假需求与异化消费是深层原因,资本主义制度是根本原因；二是对人与自然关系的分析,生态社会主义认为资本主义社会人与自然的关系处于异化状态,这导致了人与自然之间矛盾冲突的加剧,要摆脱异化就要重新检讨人与自然的关系,实现人与自然的和谐统一；三是生态社会主义理想蓝图的构建,生态社会主义设想的未来社会是坚持社会主义原则与生态学原则结合的社会,在实现途径上强调要坚持“非暴力”原则,同时也不能忽视阶级斗争的作用。第四部分,探析生态社会主义的理论前提及其批判。首先,生态社会主义理论体现了对价值理性的诉求和对科技理性的批判,倡导的是价值理性与科技理性的协调发展。其次,生态社会主义批判传统经济增长社会发展观,主张可持续发展的社会发展观。再次,生态社会主义认为生活方式直接影响人的发展,在消费主义价值观主导下的生活方式将严重影响人的全面发展,所以生态社会主义在批判消费主义价值观的基础上强调构建合理的消费价值观。最后,生态社会主义反对传统的人类中心主义对自然的绝对统治,同时也批判生态中心主义对人主体性的否定。生态社会主义认为解决环境问题、实现人与自然的和谐统一需要确立的是一种现代的人类中心主义观。第五部分,揭示生态社会主义的理论反思及当代启示。一是对生态社会主义的理论贡献和理论局限性进行简单评析,形成对生态社会主义的正确认识；二是在当前生态危机的背景下结合生态社会主义的理论前提对我国生态文明建设的必要性以及建设途径进行探析,最终的目的是使人们能够真正树立环境保护意识,从而为生态文明的实现奠定坚实的思想前提。第六部分,主要阐述本研究的基本结论和不足以及在后续研究中应该注意的问题。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent global ecological crisis, ecological socialism has attracted more and more attention from the theoretical circles. The ecological socialist trend of thought was produced in the 1970s. It is an important factions in the western ecological movement. Ecological socialism explains the relationship between man and nature in a unique perspective, and discusses the origin of the ecological crisis. The way to dispel the plight of human existence reveals the inevitable connection between the capitalist system and the ecological crisis, and thinks that the solution of the ecological crisis must be combined with socialism and thus conceives the ideal plan for the ecological socialism. It is not consistent, but on the whole these theories still have internal consistency. The theoretical premise of ecological socialism is of greater significance to the solution of the current ecological crisis.
The main purpose of this article is to analyze and interpret the ecological socialism from the perspective of the premise, to fully explore the connotation of its theory and to seek the theoretical premise for the harmonious development of man and nature, thus providing more deep thought for the construction of ecological civilization in China.
The main contents of this paper include the following six parts:
In the first part, it first introduces the background and significance of the topic, and then makes a brief summary of the domestic and foreign literature of ecological socialism, which lays a theoretical foundation for the further study of ecological socialism.
The second part discusses the background and evolution process of ecological socialism. Following the rapid development of capitalist economy and science and technology after World War II, the ecological environment has been seriously damaged. The emergence of the global ecological crisis has prompted the emergence of ecological socialism. The wind of the western green movement has directly promoted the development of ecological socialism. The evolution of ecological socialism has experienced the germination of 70s, the development of 80s and the three stages of reaching maturity after 90s. There are different representative figures in each period, representing the views and stages of the stage.
The third part expounds the core thought of ecological socialism. One is the analysis of the causes of the ecological crisis. The ecological socialism thinks that the capitalist use of science and technology is the important cause of the ecological crisis, the false demand and the alienation consumption are the deep reasons, the capitalist system is the root cause, and the two is the analysis of the relationship between man and nature. State socialism holds that the relationship between man and nature in capitalist society is dissimilated, which leads to the intensification of conflict between man and nature. To get rid of alienation, it is necessary to review the relationship between man and nature and realize the harmonious unity of man and nature; three is the construction of the blueprint of ecological socialism, and the idea of ecological socialism is not. The society is a society that adheres to the combination of the principles of socialism and the principles of ecology. In the way of realizing it, the principle of "Non Violence" should be emphasized and the role of class struggle can not be ignored.
The fourth part analyzes the theoretical premise and criticism of ecological socialism. Firstly, the eco socialist theory embodies the demand for value rationality and criticism of scientific rationality, and advocates the coordinated development of value rationality and scientific rationality. Secondly, ecological socialism criticizes the economic growth concept of social development and advocates sustainable development. Thirdly, ecological socialism thinks that the way of life directly affects human development, and the way of life under the values of consumerism will seriously affect the overall development of people. Therefore, ecological socialism emphasizes the construction of reasonable consumption values on the basis of criticizing the values of consumerism. Finally, ecological socialism. It is opposed to the traditional absolute rule of anthropocentrism to nature, and it also criticizes the negation of the ecological centralism on human subjectivity. Ecological socialism believes that the solution of environmental problems and the realization of the harmonious unity of man and nature should be established as a modern anthropocentrism.
The fifth part reveals the theoretical reflection and Contemporary Enlightenment of ecological socialism. One is to make a simple analysis of the theoretical contributions and theoretical limitations of ecological socialism, and to form a correct understanding of the ecological socialism; two, in the context of the current ecological crisis, the construction of ecological civilization in China is combined with the theoretical premise of eco socialism. The necessity and the way of construction are discussed, and the ultimate aim is to make people really set up the consciousness of environmental protection, so as to lay a solid ideological premise for the realization of ecological civilization.
The sixth part mainly expounds the basic conclusions and shortcomings of this study and the problems that should be paid attention to in the follow-up study.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D091.6;X2

【相似文献】