马克思“阶级构成论”视域中的中产阶级理论

发布时间：2018-07-06 12:56

本文选题：阶级结构理论 + 阶级构成理论　；参考：《东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014年05期

【摘要】：马克思在其政治经济学著作中,运用理论抽象的方法对当时社会结构的三个组成部分——资本家、工人、地主进行了深刻的分析。运用这种分析方法,马克思准确地看到资本主义社会两极分化的趋势。与此同时,马克思还采用了另一种具体的阶级分析方法:阶级构成论。资本主义在1870年代的变化,使得中产阶级不仅没有随着资本的集中、社会形成两极对抗而从社会阶级阶梯中消失,反而随着无产阶级人数的减少而日益壮大,成为社会中的重要力量。在晚年的著作中,马克思运用"阶级构成"分析方法分析了这一中间阶级的构成状况。社会民主党理论家伯恩斯坦依据恩格斯晚年对社会结构新变化的分析,提出了新中间阶级的理论,以此作为民主斗争政策的理论依据。欧洲发达资本主义国家的社会民主党之所以提出"第三条道路"的理论与策略,与其现实社会中"阶级构成"的这种变化以及伯恩斯坦的中产阶级理论都有着密不可分的关系。
[Abstract]:In his work on political economics, Marx made a profound analysis of the three components of the social structure, capitalists, workers, and landlords, using the method of theoretical abstraction. By this method, Marx accurately saw the polarization trend of capitalist society. At the same time, Marx also adopted another kind of tool. The class analysis method: class constitution. The change of capitalism in the 1870s made the middle class not only disappearing from the social class ladder not only with the centralization of capital, but also from the social class ladder, but with the decrease of the number of the proletariat, it became an important force in the society. On the basis of the analysis of the new changes in the social structure in Engels's later years, Bernstein, based on the analysis of the new changes in social structure, has put forward the theory of the new middle class as a theoretical basis for the policy of democratic struggle. The party's theory and strategy of "third roads" are closely related to the change of "class constitution" in the real society and the theory of Bernstein's middle class.
【作者单位】：南京大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科基金“历史唯物主义的哲学经济学理论范式研究”(10YZC710055)阶段性成果
【分类号】：A811;D01

【共引文献】