中西方公民政治参与比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 13:47

本文选题：中国 + 西方　；参考：《湖北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：公民政治参与是现代民主政治的核心和政治发展的标准与尺度,在我国作为一项新式的民主理论与实践,正在逐步发展与完善。宪法、选举法、行政监察法、居民委员会组织法、村民委员会组织法等一系列法律制度的颁布和实施对公民政治参与的权利予以了法律上的确认。党的十六大提出了“扩大公民政治参与”的目标要求,十七大进一步提出从各个层次、各个领域扩大公民政治参与的要求。同时,公众参与政治的积极性不断高涨,参与的基础在不断扩大,各种基层民主试验开展得如火如荼。在这样的政治氛围下,我国学者对公民政治参与问题的关注逐渐升温,关于公民政治参与的研究成果逐渐丰富。西方国家有着深厚的民主传统,公民政治参与实践丰富,形成了较为系统的公民政治参与理论体系。相对于西方国家来说,公民政治参与目前在中国还是一个新的领域,理论积累和实践还并不充分,因此,要将西方的政治参与理论进行合理的扬弃,逐步形成具有中国特色的公民政治参与,促进中国民主政治建设。民主政治理论和公民社会理论构成了中西方公民政治参与的理论依据,宪法和相关法律为公民政治参与提供了法律上的保障,选举制度、监督制度、自治制度、协商制度等形成了中西方公民政治参与的制度环境。中西方公民通过个人和组织,遵循有序、合法、理性的原则进行政治参与活动,促进了决策的民主化、科学化,保障了公共权力的规范运行,增强了公民的政治素质,提高了政治社会化水平。但由于各种因素的影响,中西方公民政治参与的法制化水平、制度化水平以及所产生的实际效果和在未来的发展趋势都存在很多差异。
[Abstract]:Citizen political participation is the core of modern democratic politics and the standard and standard of political development. As a new democratic theory and practice, citizen political participation is developing and perfecting step by step in our country. The promulgation and implementation of a series of legal systems, such as constitution, election law, administrative supervision law, organic law of residents' committee and organization law of villagers' committee, have confirmed the right of citizens' political participation in law. The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of "expanding citizen's political participation", and the 17th National Congress further put forward the requirement of expanding citizen's political participation from all levels and fields. At the same time, the enthusiasm of the public to participate in politics is rising, the basis of participation is expanding, and various grass-roots democratic experiments are in full swing. In such a political atmosphere, Chinese scholars pay more and more attention to the issue of citizen's political participation, and the research results on citizen's political participation are becoming more and more abundant. Western countries have a profound democratic tradition, civil political participation practice is rich, formed a more systematic system of civil political participation theory. Compared with western countries, civil political participation is still a new field in China at present, and the accumulation of theory and practice is not sufficient. Therefore, the western theory of political participation should be subsumed and abandoned reasonably. Gradually forming citizen political participation with Chinese characteristics and promoting China's democratic political construction. The democratic political theory and the civil society theory constitute the theoretical basis for the political participation of Chinese and Western citizens. The Constitution and relevant laws provide the legal guarantee for the citizen's political participation, the electoral system, the supervisory system, the autonomy system, The consultation system has formed the system environment of Chinese and western citizens' political participation. Through individuals and organizations, Chinese and Western citizens engage in political participation in accordance with the principles of order, legality and rationality, which promote the democratization and scientization of decision-making, ensure the normative operation of public power, and enhance the political quality of citizens. The level of political socialization has been raised. However, due to the influence of various factors, there are many differences in the level of legalization, the level of institutionalization, the actual effect and the future development trend of civil political participation in China and the West.
【学位授予单位】：湖北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D034.5

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