从正义原则到共同体原则——兼论柯亨的社会主义方案的启示

发布时间：2018-07-17 06:54

【摘要】：在G.A.柯亨看来,马克思主义的政治理想与自由主义的政治理想有着一种深刻的差异,这种差异反映出马克思主义政治理想的激进性。尽管马克思主义的正义理论在相当程度上契合于自由主义左翼的正义理论,但前者并不囿于近代正义理论,而能诉诸共同体原则实现对近代正义理论之内在缺陷的克服和超越。从批判诺齐克基于自我所有原则的自由主义右翼正义论,到揭示罗尔斯差别原则中的激励论证背离共同体精神,再到赞同运气均等主义的分配正义观,以及最终提出一种矫正平等主义正义论的共同体原则,柯亨始终将共同体原则作为引领和矫正正义原则的思想资源。柯亨所倡导的社会主义社会不仅是一个正义的社会,更是一个共同体原则得以彰显的社会,这一社会主义方案对于当代中国有着重要的启示。
[Abstract]:In G. A. According to Ke Heng, there is a profound difference between Marxist political ideal and liberal political ideal, which reflects the radicalization of Marxist political ideal. Although the Marxist theory of justice accords with the theory of justice of the liberal left wing to a certain extent, the former is not confined to the modern theory of justice, but can resort to the principle of community to overcome and transcend the defects within the theory of modern justice. From criticizing Nozick's liberal right-wing justice theory based on the principle of self-ownership, to revealing the motivation and argument in Rawls difference principle deviating from the spirit of community, to endorsing the distributive justice view of equal luck. Finally, he put forward a kind of community principle which corrects the justice theory of egalitarianism. Ke Heng always regards the community principle as the ideological resource to guide and correct the justice principle. The socialist society advocated by Ke Heng is not only a just society, but also a society in which the principle of community can be manifested. This socialist scheme has important implications for contemporary China.
【作者单位】：中山大学马克思主义哲学与中国现代化研究所暨哲学系;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“当代英美马克思主义正义理论谱系研究”[项目编号:16YJA720003];教育部人文科学重点研究基地重大项目“人民民主的理论与实践探索研究”[项目编号:13JJD720019]的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D091

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