朗西埃的政治哲学
发布时间：2018-08-06 22:16
【摘要】：法国著名左翼思想家朗西埃是当代西方政治哲学领域的重要代表人物,他的研究领域广泛,涉及到政治、历史、美学、文学、艺术、电影等方面。他对这些领域的很多前沿问题采用了与众不同的视角,对我们多角度理解政治、民主、美学等概念颇有启发性。本文使用的研究方法主要有文献分析法、归纳和演绎相结合的方法以及跨学科研究法。本文的主要内容如下:1.朗西埃的思想主要受到马克思的政治观、福柯的生命政治和阿尔都塞的结构主义的影响,它们构成了朗西埃的思想渊源。基于这些思想学说,朗西埃发展了他的政治哲学,他的思想主要有三个阶段,即治安与政治、民主与平等、美学与政治。2.朗西埃区分了 "治安"和"政治",治安在本质上体现了社会的有序性,从"元政治"、"类政治"到"后设政治"都属于治安的不同类型,而朗西埃视角下的政治不是为维护社会稳定秩序而建立的制度和体系,政治在于允许原来没有资格的人重新成为社会主体,它立足点在于"歧义"而不是"共识"。3.朗西埃的民主观也有别于西方主流的"共识民主",认为民主是一种没有统治资格的资格,代表着人民的权力,对精英阶层控制权力提出了挑战,民主与政治都是鼓励歧义存在;朗西埃的平等也是带有歧义性质的,它起源于每个人在智力上的平等,审美平等是对智识平等的进一步发展,平等与政治、民主之间相互影响。4.朗西埃政治美学的核心概念是可感性分配,它界定了 "可感者"、"可感物"与"不可感者"、"不可感物"的范围;朗西埃的美学是具有歧感性质的,主张打破原先可感性分配的边界,让不可感变得可感;艺术的美学体制是朗西埃最欣赏的一种可感性分配模式,是真正体现民主、平等和政治的艺术体制,朗西埃还从文本角度细致分析了这一体制;"歧感美学"和"歧义政治"本质上具有一致性,两者是相通的。5.通过分析朗西埃的政治哲学,可以看出他思想的进步性是明显的,同时局限性也不能忽视,辩证看待这种两面性是很重要的。鼓励不同人(尤其是普通人民)的声音都能发出并被予以重视,促进当代艺术的多元化发展,对真民主、平等和解放的强调,这些都是他思想中的闪光点;另外,需要警惕的是激进民主与平等可能会带来的无政府主义倾向以及平民和精英之间的关系不能截然对立,这些是他思想中的瑕疵部分。
[Abstract]:Lonsier, a famous French left-wing thinker, is an important representative in the field of contemporary western political philosophy. His research covers a wide range of fields, including politics, history, aesthetics, literature, art, film and so on. He takes a distinctive perspective on many of the frontier issues in these fields, and is instructive in understanding the concepts of politics, democracy, aesthetics, and so on. The main research methods used in this paper are literature analysis, inductive and deductive methods and cross-disciplinary research methods. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. His thoughts are mainly influenced by Marx's political view, Foucault's life politics and Althusser's structuralism. Based on these theories, Longsier developed his political philosophy. His thoughts mainly have three stages: public security and politics, democracy and equality, aesthetics and politics. Longsier distinguishes between "public order" and "politics", which in essence embodies the order of society. From "meta-politics", "quasi-politics" to "post-establishment politics", they all belong to different types of public security. The politics from the perspective of Longsier is not the system and system established to maintain the social stability and order, but the politics is to allow the previously unqualified people to become the social subject again, and its foothold lies in "ambiguity" rather than "consensus" .3. Langsier's democratic view is also different from the western mainstream "consensus democracy", which holds that democracy is a kind of qualification without ruling qualification, represents the power of the people, and challenges the control power of the elite class. Democracy and politics both encourage the existence of ambiguity. Longsier's equality is also ambiguous, it originates from the intellectual equality of everyone, aesthetic equality is the further development of intellectual equality, equality and politics, democracy influence each other. The core concept of Langsiere's political aesthetics is perceptual distribution, which defines the scope of "sensable", "imperceptible", "insensitive" and "imperceptible". He advocated breaking the original boundary of perceptual distribution and making imperceptible perceptible; the aesthetic system of art is one of the perceptual distribution modes that Lonsier appreciates most, and it is an art system that truly embodies democracy, equality and politics. Longsier also analyzes the system from the perspective of text. "Aesthetics of ambiguity" and "politics of ambiguity" are identical in nature, and they are in common. 5. Through the analysis of Longsier's political philosophy, we can see that his thought's progressiveness is obvious, at the same time his limitation can not be ignored, it is very important to dialectically treat this kind of dual character. To encourage the voices of different people, especially ordinary people, to be heard and valued, to promote the pluralistic development of contemporary art, to emphasize true democracy, equality and emancipation are all the flashpoints in his mind; What needs to be warned is that radical democracy and equality may lead to anarchist tendencies and that the relationship between the civilian and the elite cannot be completely opposed. These are the flawed parts of his mind.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D0
本文编号：2169158
[Abstract]:Lonsier, a famous French left-wing thinker, is an important representative in the field of contemporary western political philosophy. His research covers a wide range of fields, including politics, history, aesthetics, literature, art, film and so on. He takes a distinctive perspective on many of the frontier issues in these fields, and is instructive in understanding the concepts of politics, democracy, aesthetics, and so on. The main research methods used in this paper are literature analysis, inductive and deductive methods and cross-disciplinary research methods. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. His thoughts are mainly influenced by Marx's political view, Foucault's life politics and Althusser's structuralism. Based on these theories, Longsier developed his political philosophy. His thoughts mainly have three stages: public security and politics, democracy and equality, aesthetics and politics. Longsier distinguishes between "public order" and "politics", which in essence embodies the order of society. From "meta-politics", "quasi-politics" to "post-establishment politics", they all belong to different types of public security. The politics from the perspective of Longsier is not the system and system established to maintain the social stability and order, but the politics is to allow the previously unqualified people to become the social subject again, and its foothold lies in "ambiguity" rather than "consensus" .3. Langsier's democratic view is also different from the western mainstream "consensus democracy", which holds that democracy is a kind of qualification without ruling qualification, represents the power of the people, and challenges the control power of the elite class. Democracy and politics both encourage the existence of ambiguity. Longsier's equality is also ambiguous, it originates from the intellectual equality of everyone, aesthetic equality is the further development of intellectual equality, equality and politics, democracy influence each other. The core concept of Langsiere's political aesthetics is perceptual distribution, which defines the scope of "sensable", "imperceptible", "insensitive" and "imperceptible". He advocated breaking the original boundary of perceptual distribution and making imperceptible perceptible; the aesthetic system of art is one of the perceptual distribution modes that Lonsier appreciates most, and it is an art system that truly embodies democracy, equality and politics. Longsier also analyzes the system from the perspective of text. "Aesthetics of ambiguity" and "politics of ambiguity" are identical in nature, and they are in common. 5. Through the analysis of Longsier's political philosophy, we can see that his thought's progressiveness is obvious, at the same time his limitation can not be ignored, it is very important to dialectically treat this kind of dual character. To encourage the voices of different people, especially ordinary people, to be heard and valued, to promote the pluralistic development of contemporary art, to emphasize true democracy, equality and emancipation are all the flashpoints in his mind; What needs to be warned is that radical democracy and equality may lead to anarchist tendencies and that the relationship between the civilian and the elite cannot be completely opposed. These are the flawed parts of his mind.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D0
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