严复的自由思想及启蒙意义研究

发布时间：2018-10-11 12:26

【摘要】：作为近代中国介绍西方思想的第一人,严复陆续引介了大量西方资产阶级的有关自然科学和政治体制的著作,通过译著宣传西方自由、平等、民主等思想观念,推动了近代中国的思想启蒙和资产阶级革命的思想变革。本文以严复的自由思想作为研究对象,结合具体的时代背景和理论基础,深入剖析严复自由思想的深刻内涵,进一步探究严复自由思想对推进封建社会思想观念的瓦解和近代中国社会变革思潮的产生所做出的贡献。本文系统的梳理了严复自由思想产生的历史背景及理论基础:结合近代中国民族危机的深化、社会经济的落后和先进知识分子的觉醒等社会条件以及欧洲启蒙运动前后的自由思想和明末清初的早期民主启蒙思想对严复的影响,着重分析严复自由思想的理论内涵:包括严复自由思想的基本内容、基本原则以及实现途径,以此总结出严复自由思想的主要特点即自由即国家富强、始终存在于社会问题之中的自由以及中西兼收并蓄的自由,并对严复自由思想的时代局限进行阐述:包括严复的自由思想理论未能直接有效的解决中国的实际问题以及并没有认清近代中国的社会现状。因此本文着重分析严复自由思想对近代中国的思想启蒙和对当今社会现代化建设的启示。通过对以上内容的分析研究,总结出严复自由思想的启蒙意义:包括对封建社会思想观念的冲击和对近代中国社会变革思想的催化作用。最后得出对于当今社会现代化建设的现实启示需要将发扬优秀传统文化与吸收外部先进文化相结合、将实行民主政治与国民素质教育结合起来、将培育社会主义核心价值观体系与国家富强结合起来。
[Abstract]:As the first person in modern China to introduce Western ideas, Yan Fu has introduced a large number of works by the Western bourgeoisie on natural science and political system, and has propagated western ideas of freedom, equality, democracy, and so on through translation. It promoted the ideological enlightenment of modern China and the ideological reform of bourgeois revolution. This article takes Yan Fu's freedom thought as the research object, unifies the concrete time background and the theory foundation, deeply analyzes the deep connotation of the Yan Fu freedom thought, To further explore Yan Fu's free thought to promote the disintegration of feudal society and the emergence of modern Chinese social change. This paper systematically combs the historical background and theoretical basis of Yan Fu's freedom thought: combined with the deepening of modern Chinese national crisis, The social conditions, such as the backwardness of social economy and the awakening of advanced intellectuals, as well as the influence of the freedom thought before and after the Enlightenment in Europe and the early democratic enlightenment thought in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties on Yan Fu, Focusing on the theoretical connotation of Yan Fu's free thought, including the basic contents, basic principles and the ways of realization of Yan Fu's freedom thought, this paper sums up the main characteristics of Yan Fu's freedom thought, that is, freedom is the prosperity and strength of the country. Freedom, which has always existed in social problems, as well as the freedom to embrace both Chinese and Western, It also expounds the limitations of Yan Fu's free thought in the times: including the fact that the theory of free thought of Yan Fu has not directly and effectively solved the actual problems in China and that he has failed to recognize the social status quo of modern China. Therefore, this paper focuses on the ideological enlightenment of Yan Fu's free thought to modern China and its enlightenment to the modernization construction of modern society. Through the analysis and study of the above contents, the enlightenment significance of Yan Fu's free thought is summarized, including the impact on the ideology of feudal society and the catalytic effect on the thought of social change in modern China. Finally, it is concluded that the practical enlightenment for the modernization construction of today's society needs to combine the development of excellent traditional culture with the absorption of advanced external culture, and the combination of democratic politics and national quality education. Will cultivate the socialist core value system and the national prosperity and strength to combine.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D092

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