论政府软执行力

发布时间：2018-10-19 18:13

【摘要】：社会管理乃一项系统工程，法治应与德治并行，管理应融合于服务，人的行为改造应与观念的形塑相连，“硬执行力”应有“软执行力”的配合。政府软执行力是指政府在社会管理与公共服务过程中，，尊重并顺应管理和服务对象的社会心理和个体情感等因素，运用价值播种、舆论宣传、精神感召等柔性手段，充分发挥社会组织和公民的作用，以实现改变人们行为与社会风气等政策目标的程度。提升软执行力不仅是继承德治传统的需要，也是改革现实的要求；既是改善政府执行质量，提高政府社会管理水平的需要，也是化解社会矛盾与冲突，促进社会和谐发展的需要。政府软执行力既作用于柔性目标政策领域，实现目标群体内心引导，又作用于刚性目标政策领域，协助对目标群体的外在型塑；政府软执行力既作用于微观层面，形成目标群体自觉行为，又作用于宏观层面，促进社会治理主体协同合作。切实提升政府软执行力要从那些适合刚性执行手段却阻碍柔性执行手段的政府要素入手，软执行力主要来源于这些政府要素的一系列变革之中。就政府内部来看，软执行来源于执行观念从管制观念到服务意识的转变、执行计划从策略应对到战略谋划的改革、执行组织结构从科层化到整体型的变革、执行方式从呆板单一到灵活多样的创新、执行人员从技术型到知识型的素质提升；就政府外部来看，软执行力来源于政府与民众之间从不信任到相互信任的关系调整、政府与媒体之间从管制到良性互动的关系进化。政府软执行力绩效评估有利于突破政府改革的利益困境和主体困境，是提升政府软执行力“牵一发而动全身”的关键着力点。从突出社会评估主体的核心地位、强调对柔性执行手段的测量评估、确保民意调查方法的科学性这三个方面提出提升政府软执行力的绩效方略。
[Abstract]:Social management is a systematic project, the rule of law should be parallel with the rule of virtue, the management should be integrated in service, the transformation of human behavior should be connected with the shape and shape of the concept, and the "hard execution" should be coordinated with the "soft execution". The soft execution of government means that in the process of social management and public service, the government respects and complies with the social psychology and individual emotion of the management and service object, and applies the soft means such as value seeding, public opinion propaganda, spiritual call, etc. Give full play to the role of social organizations and citizens in order to achieve the policy objectives of changing people's behavior and social atmosphere. Enhancing soft execution is not only the need of inheriting the tradition of rule by virtue, but also the requirement of reform reality, which is not only the need to improve the quality of government execution and improve the level of government social management, but also the need to resolve social contradictions and conflicts. The need to promote the harmonious development of society. The soft execution ability of government not only acts in the field of flexible target policy, realizes the inner guidance of the target group, but also acts on the rigid target policy field to help shape the external shape of the target group, and the soft execution power of the government acts on the micro level. Forming the conscious behavior of target groups and acting on the macro level, promoting the cooperation of the main body of social governance. In order to effectively enhance the government's soft execution, it is necessary to start with those government elements that are suitable for rigid means of execution but hinder the flexible means of implementation, and the soft execution mainly comes from a series of changes of these government elements. As far as the internal government is concerned, soft execution comes from the transformation of the concept of execution from the concept of regulation to the consciousness of service, the reform of the implementation plan from the strategic response to the strategic planning, and the transformation of the executive organizational structure from the division to the overall type. From the perspective of the government, the soft execution comes from the adjustment of the relationship between the government and the public from distrust to mutual trust. The relationship between government and media evolves from regulation to benign interaction. The performance evaluation of government soft execution is helpful to break through the dilemma of interest and subject of government reform, and is the key point to enhance the soft execution of government. From the three aspects of highlighting the core position of the main body of social evaluation, emphasizing the measurement and evaluation of flexible means of implementation, and ensuring the scientific nature of the public opinion survey method, this paper puts forward the performance strategy of improving the soft execution power of the government.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D035

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