乌托邦与启蒙精神的矛盾运动及其当代性反思

发布时间：2018-10-26 07:00

【摘要】：以托玛斯·莫尔的《乌托邦》为标志的乌托邦思想是欧洲社会现代化和世俗化进程中出现的一种精神形态,这种精神形态与欧洲启蒙运动时期的启蒙精神具有紧密的相关性。首先,乌托邦是启蒙精神的发端,而启蒙精神则是乌托邦思想的完善和深化,其超越性和内在精神是一致的;第二,乌托邦和启蒙精神同样是欧洲社会世俗化的结果,它们都与宗教改革密切相关,因而是宗教理念在现代社会的表现形式。但是,乌托邦与启蒙精神毕竟是人类精神领域中两个不同层面,乌托邦精神侧重于反抗、对立和超越,启蒙精神则侧重于启发、照亮和理性的指导。通过启蒙可以克服乌托邦精神层面中的破坏性因素,也可以通过乌托邦精神克服人们对理性的盲目崇拜。欧洲现代社会的历史进程表明,乌托邦与启蒙精神是在相互矛盾的运动中完善自身的,当代社会正是在这种矛盾运动中超越旧制度的桎梏,创造出新的社会形态。
[Abstract]:Utopia, symbolized by Thomas Moore's Utopia, is a kind of spiritual form in the process of European social modernization and secularization, which is closely related to the enlightenment spirit of the European Enlightenment. First of all, Utopia is the beginning of enlightenment spirit, and enlightenment spirit is the perfection and deepening of utopian thought, and its transcendence and inner spirit are consistent. Secondly, utopia and enlightenment spirit are also the result of secularization of European society. They are closely related to religious reform and are therefore the manifestation of religious ideas in modern society. However, Utopia and enlightenment spirit are two different levels in the field of human spirit after all. Utopian spirit focuses on resistance, opposition and transcendence, and enlightening spirit on enlightening, illuminating and rational guidance. Through enlightenment, we can overcome the destructive factors in utopian spiritual level, but also overcome people's blind worship of reason through Utopian spirit. The historical process of modern European society shows that Utopia and the spirit of enlightenment perfect themselves in the contradictory movement in which the contemporary society surmounts the shackles of the old system and creates a new social form.
【作者单位】：福建师范大学文学院;
【分类号】：D091.5

【相似文献】