阿奎那与朱熹政治思想比较研究
发布时间：2019-01-06 13:01
【摘要】：中世纪盛期，无论是对西方的基督教来说,还是对东方的儒家经学来说,都是一个必须要跨越的十字路口。托马斯·阿奎那与朱熹就站在这个十字路口的中央，成为东西方主导思想的集大成者。他们的政治思想源自于对学术传统的继承，对现实社会政治生活的反思和对优良政治的向往。但由于社会历史条件和文化传统的不同，，使得他们的思想表现出不同的价值取向和思维方式。 阿奎那和朱熹首先都是通过对普遍规则的阐述来确立他们各自的政治理论基础，为他们提出的一系列政治主张提供了最根本的核心价值观。在权利归属问题上，阿奎那虽然承认君主对俗世国家事务的控制权，但他仍然坚持基督教教会有着上帝赋予的管理人间事务的权利。朱熹则是“君尊臣卑”的推崇者，但他也提出限制君权的观点。阿奎那视法为理性的产物，并将之与神学信仰相结合，提出了一系列的法律分类。朱熹则秉承儒家重道德规范，轻“智术”的传统，将伦理道德与法令政刑混为一谈，未能将法脱离出道德范畴。 阿奎那与朱熹都是视天下为己任的学者，试图将所学理论与实际相结合提出各自对理想政治的看法。因为阿奎那的政治思想所包含的一些有利于西方民主政治思想发展的观点，形成与朱熹的政治思想的明显差别。但是由于各自政治思想的历史局限性，都不可能完全成为指导东西方近代民主发展的基本理论。
[Abstract]:The height of the Middle Ages, whether for Western Christianity or Eastern Confucianism, was a crossroads that had to be crossed. Thomas Aquinas and Zhu Xi stood in the center of this crossroads and became the dominant minds of East and West. Their political thought originates from inheriting the academic tradition, reflecting on the political life of the real society and yearning for the fine politics. However, because of the different social and historical conditions and cultural traditions, their thoughts show different value orientation and mode of thinking. Aquinas and Zhu Xi first established their respective political theoretical bases through the elaboration of the universal rules, which provided the most fundamental core values for a series of political propositions put forward by them. On the issue of ownership, Aquinas admitted that the monarch had control over the affairs of the earthly state, but he still insisted that the Christian Church had the right given by God to administer human affairs. Zhu Xi is the advocate of "respect for the emperor and lower officials", but he also put forward the view of limiting the monarchy. Aquinas regards law as the product of reason and combines it with theological beliefs and puts forward a series of legal classifications. Zhu Xi adheres to the tradition of Confucianism emphasizing moral norms and neglecting "wisdom and skill", and confuses ethics and law with law and punishment, and fails to separate law from the scope of morality. Aquinas and Zhu Xi are scholars who regard the world as their duty and try to combine their theories with practice to put forward their own views on ideal politics. Because the political thought of Aquinas contains some views favorable to the development of western democratic political thought, it forms the obvious difference with Zhu Xi's political thought. However, due to the historical limitations of their respective political thoughts, it is impossible to become a basic theory to guide the development of modern democracy in East and West.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D09;B503.21;B244.7
本文编号：2402817
[Abstract]:The height of the Middle Ages, whether for Western Christianity or Eastern Confucianism, was a crossroads that had to be crossed. Thomas Aquinas and Zhu Xi stood in the center of this crossroads and became the dominant minds of East and West. Their political thought originates from inheriting the academic tradition, reflecting on the political life of the real society and yearning for the fine politics. However, because of the different social and historical conditions and cultural traditions, their thoughts show different value orientation and mode of thinking. Aquinas and Zhu Xi first established their respective political theoretical bases through the elaboration of the universal rules, which provided the most fundamental core values for a series of political propositions put forward by them. On the issue of ownership, Aquinas admitted that the monarch had control over the affairs of the earthly state, but he still insisted that the Christian Church had the right given by God to administer human affairs. Zhu Xi is the advocate of "respect for the emperor and lower officials", but he also put forward the view of limiting the monarchy. Aquinas regards law as the product of reason and combines it with theological beliefs and puts forward a series of legal classifications. Zhu Xi adheres to the tradition of Confucianism emphasizing moral norms and neglecting "wisdom and skill", and confuses ethics and law with law and punishment, and fails to separate law from the scope of morality. Aquinas and Zhu Xi are scholars who regard the world as their duty and try to combine their theories with practice to put forward their own views on ideal politics. Because the political thought of Aquinas contains some views favorable to the development of western democratic political thought, it forms the obvious difference with Zhu Xi's political thought. However, due to the historical limitations of their respective political thoughts, it is impossible to become a basic theory to guide the development of modern democracy in East and West.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D09;B503.21;B244.7
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 林美玫;;论朱熹的政治观及其当代价值[J];科教导刊(中旬刊);2010年09期
2 李明珠;;阿奎那与朱熹法律思想之比较研究[J];西北民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2007年04期
本文编号：2402817
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