圣西门空想社会主义思想研究
发布时间：2019-06-14 17:12
【摘要】：克劳德·昂利·圣西门是19世纪初期法国的伟大思想家,他的空想社会主义思想体系被马克思、恩格斯称为是本来意义上的社会主义和共产主义体系,并以继承了他的思想而为荣。圣西门以其天才的眼光为现代社会主义的发展提供了理论的源泉,他有关于社会分工、所有制等思想,在现如今看来,仍具有超前的意义。研究圣西门空想社会主义思想,对解决我国社会主义建设,尤其是市场经济改革等方面的问题有一定的参考价值。本文主要包括五个章节,从圣西门空想社会主义思想的形成背景、发展经过、主要内容等方面,将圣西门的空想社会主义思想进行一个全面而系统的研究,并在最后两个章节中,分析其历史地位及历史局限性,将其与科学社会主义进行整体比较,得出两者的异同,并探究其中的原因。第一章节就本文的研究背景、意义以及方法进行了论述,并总结在研究过程中所了解到的国内外相关的理论研究成果;第二章节以圣西门空想社会主义思想的形成背景为研究对象,从其个人背景、历史环境背景和理论背景等方面着手进行研究;第三章节具体论述了圣西门空想社会主义思想的主要内容,并部分联系实际进行了探讨分析;第四章节就其历史地位和历史局限性给出个了人的观点,并从几个具有重要影响意义的方面进行具体阐述;第五章节将圣西门空想社会主义思想同科学社会主义思想进行比对,探究了两者的联系及科学社会主义对其的超越。具体来看,圣西门经历过革命和战争的洗礼,在早期的空想社会主义思想、启蒙运动及自然科学的发展的影响下,萌芽出了社会主义思想,形成了较为系统而全面的社会主义体制构想及具体实现的方法。圣西门建立的新的哲学中,强调了知识分子的主要任务,将实业制作为社会主义的核心,并提出了按才能和贡献分配的观点。他率先提出了有关计划经济,政府宏观调控的概念,在如今看来,依旧是值得去学习探究。他关于民主选举、建立政党以及欧洲联合的设想,无一不是超前的、科学的。圣西门为实现他的社会主义构想,积极向当时的统治者发出邀请,进行了诸多努力,他的思想体系在某种程度上接近唯物史观,为之后科学社会主义的产生起了奠基作用。但出于历史局限性,他的一些观点是明显错误和失败的,他持有的是不彻底的唯物主义历史观。圣西门没能将隐藏在不发达的资本主义社会中的基本矛盾发掘出来,没有充分认识到无产阶级的革命力量,只把宣传和平的思想作为实现社会改造的唯一手段,使得他改造世界的理想成为一纸空谈。此外,圣西门对于种族优劣论的声明也凸显了他的不彻底的唯物主义历史观。本文运用文献研究法、历史分析法和对比分析法等研究方法,对圣西门空想社会主义思想的内容进行研析,并和科学社会主义思想进行对照分析,试图通过比较分析,获取其中值得我们得以借鉴学习的地方,并致力于探讨圣西门空想社会主义思想对科学社会主义发展的贡献,考量圣西门空想社会主义思想的真正价值,为理解两者之间的关系提供一个可供参考的视角。
[Abstract]:Claude Inley St. Simon was the great thinker of France in the early 19th century, and his utopian socialist ideology was called the socialist and communist system in the meaning of Marx and Engels, and was proud of his thought. The view of the genius of Saint-Simon provides the source of the theory for the development of the modern socialism, and he has the idea of social division of labor, ownership and so on. It is of certain reference value to study the problems of the socialist construction in our country, especially the reform of the market economy. This article mainly includes five chapters, from the background, development and the main content of the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, to carry on a comprehensive and systematic study of the Utopian socialism thought of the Saint-Simon, and in the last two chapters, This paper analyzes its historical position and its historical limitations, and compares it with the scientific socialism, and draws the similarities and differences of the two, and explores the reasons. In the first chapter, the research background, meaning and method of this paper are discussed, and the relevant theoretical research results are summarized in the course of the study. In chapter three, the main contents of the thought of Ximen's Utopian socialism are discussed in detail, and some of them are discussed and analyzed. Chapter four gives a man's point of view on the historical position and the limitation of the history. In chapter five, the second chapter is to compare the thought of the socialist thought with the scientific socialism, and to explore the relationship between the two and the transcendence of the scientific socialism. In particular, Saint-Simon has experienced the baptism of the revolution and the war, and under the influence of the early utopian socialist thought, the enlightenment movement and the development of the natural science, the socialist thought has emerged, and a more systematic and comprehensive socialist system conception and a concrete realization method have been formed. In the new philosophy set up by Saint-Simon, the main task of the intellectuals is emphasized, the industry is made as the core of socialism, and the point of view that can be distributed according to talent and contribution is put forward. He took the lead in putting forward the concept of the planned economy and the macro-control of the government. His idea of democratic elections, the establishment of a political party and a joint european union is not advance and scientific. In order to realize his socialist concept, Saint-Simon was actively sending an invitation to the ruler of the time, and made a lot of efforts. His system of thought is in a way close to the historical materialism, and has laid a foundation for the subsequent scientific socialism. But for historical limitations, some of his points of view were clear and failed, and he held an incomplete historical view of materialism. It is not fully aware of the revolutionary force of the proletariat, and only the idea of promoting peace is the only means to realize the social transformation, so that the ideal of the transformation of the world is a paper-to-paper. In addition, the statement of Saint-Simon's theory of racial superiority also highlights his incomplete historical view of materialism. This paper uses the methods of literature research, history analysis and comparative analysis to study the contents of the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, and makes a comparative analysis with the scientific socialism thought, and tries to make a comparison and analysis. It is worth for us to learn from the place of study, and to explore the contribution of the thought to the development of the scientific socialism with the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, and to consider the real value of the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, and to provide a reference point for understanding the relation between the two.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D091.6
[Abstract]:Claude Inley St. Simon was the great thinker of France in the early 19th century, and his utopian socialist ideology was called the socialist and communist system in the meaning of Marx and Engels, and was proud of his thought. The view of the genius of Saint-Simon provides the source of the theory for the development of the modern socialism, and he has the idea of social division of labor, ownership and so on. It is of certain reference value to study the problems of the socialist construction in our country, especially the reform of the market economy. This article mainly includes five chapters, from the background, development and the main content of the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, to carry on a comprehensive and systematic study of the Utopian socialism thought of the Saint-Simon, and in the last two chapters, This paper analyzes its historical position and its historical limitations, and compares it with the scientific socialism, and draws the similarities and differences of the two, and explores the reasons. In the first chapter, the research background, meaning and method of this paper are discussed, and the relevant theoretical research results are summarized in the course of the study. In chapter three, the main contents of the thought of Ximen's Utopian socialism are discussed in detail, and some of them are discussed and analyzed. Chapter four gives a man's point of view on the historical position and the limitation of the history. In chapter five, the second chapter is to compare the thought of the socialist thought with the scientific socialism, and to explore the relationship between the two and the transcendence of the scientific socialism. In particular, Saint-Simon has experienced the baptism of the revolution and the war, and under the influence of the early utopian socialist thought, the enlightenment movement and the development of the natural science, the socialist thought has emerged, and a more systematic and comprehensive socialist system conception and a concrete realization method have been formed. In the new philosophy set up by Saint-Simon, the main task of the intellectuals is emphasized, the industry is made as the core of socialism, and the point of view that can be distributed according to talent and contribution is put forward. He took the lead in putting forward the concept of the planned economy and the macro-control of the government. His idea of democratic elections, the establishment of a political party and a joint european union is not advance and scientific. In order to realize his socialist concept, Saint-Simon was actively sending an invitation to the ruler of the time, and made a lot of efforts. His system of thought is in a way close to the historical materialism, and has laid a foundation for the subsequent scientific socialism. But for historical limitations, some of his points of view were clear and failed, and he held an incomplete historical view of materialism. It is not fully aware of the revolutionary force of the proletariat, and only the idea of promoting peace is the only means to realize the social transformation, so that the ideal of the transformation of the world is a paper-to-paper. In addition, the statement of Saint-Simon's theory of racial superiority also highlights his incomplete historical view of materialism. This paper uses the methods of literature research, history analysis and comparative analysis to study the contents of the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, and makes a comparative analysis with the scientific socialism thought, and tries to make a comparison and analysis. It is worth for us to learn from the place of study, and to explore the contribution of the thought to the development of the scientific socialism with the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, and to consider the real value of the thought of the Ximen's Utopian socialism, and to provide a reference point for understanding the relation between the two.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D091.6
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