清代汉中地区农业开发研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 16:12

【摘要】：位于我国南北分界线上的汉中地区，北倚秦岭，南屏巴山，中部为汉中盆地，汉江从中穿流而过，气候温暖，雨量充足，被称之为“西北小江南”。独特的地理位置和自然资源使其农业开发独具特色，，既有南方的稻作农业又有北方的旱作农业。本文以清代汉中地区的农业开发为研究对象。首先，讨论了本地区农业发展的自然条件及自然资源，梳理了清代以前本区农业开发的轨迹；其次，重点论述了清代本地区的人口、耕地的数量以及分布情况，详细分探讨了本区不同时段人口及劳动力资源增减，耕地盈缩的原因，同时探讨了本区水利灌溉事业的发展；再次，对本区的种植结构进行分析，并讨论了稻、麦、玉米、马铃薯的种植制度和种植技术，同时探讨了其他经济作物如桑蚕、茶叶、棉花、烟草等经济作物的种植和分布情况；最后，总结并剖析了清代汉中地区的农业开发所取得的成就以及造成的影响，并在结语部分对清代本地区农业开发情况进行总结。本文从从历史地理学角度，运用文献考证、实地考察、综合分析等方法进行研究，呈现了清代本地区农业开发的概貌，突出了其中的人地关系问题，并为今天本地区农业发展提供了历史借鉴。
[Abstract]:The Hanzhong area, located on the dividing line between north and south of China, lies in the Qinling Mountains, the Nanping Bashan Mountains in the north, and the Hanzhong Basin in the central part. The Hanjiang River flows through the Hanzhong Basin. The climate is warm and the rainfall is abundant, so it is called "the South of the Northwest River". Its unique geographical location and natural resources make its agricultural development unique, including rice farming in the south and dry farming in the north. This paper takes the agricultural development in Hanzhong area of Qing Dynasty as the research object. Firstly, the natural conditions and natural resources of agricultural development in this area are discussed, and the track of agricultural development in this area before Qing Dynasty is combed. Secondly, the population, the quantity and distribution of cultivated land in this area in Qing Dynasty are discussed emphatically. The reasons for the increase and decrease of population and labor resources, the surplus and contraction of cultivated land are discussed in detail. At the same time, the development of water conservancy and irrigation in this area is discussed. Thirdly, the planting structure of this area is analyzed, and the rice, wheat and corn are discussed. The planting system and planting technology of potato, and the cultivation and distribution of other cash crops such as silkworm, tea, cotton, tobacco, etc. This paper summarizes and analyzes the achievements and effects of agricultural development in Hanzhong area of Qing Dynasty, and summarizes the situation of agricultural development in this area of Qing Dynasty in the conclusion part. From the perspective of historical geography, this paper studies the agricultural development of this region in Qing Dynasty by using the methods of textual research, field investigation and comprehensive analysis, and highlights the problem of human-land relationship. And for today's agricultural development in the region to provide historical reference.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K249;F329

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