《高僧传》早期宣教现象研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 01:03

本文关键词：《高僧传》早期宣教现象研究　出处：《四川省社会科学院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：佛教自公元一世纪传入中国，但是佛教直到魏晋之际与玄学相交融，才得以大规模地传播。在佛教本土化和发展的同时，佛教的宣教方式也在发展和变化。宣教方式由印度佛教的呗演化为诵经、转读和唱导三种形式，严格地说，梵呗也属于转读范畴，但是梵呗多涉及音乐领域，非笔者能力所及，故未著过多笔墨。论文由六部分组成：第一部分：首先，界定《高僧传》中宣法现象所属的学科领域，评述当前国内外对其研究的现状和成果，同时阐释本论文选题的重要价值和创新之处。第二部分：本章梳理了早期宣教现象的发展源流。中国的宣教现象源于印度梵呗。梵呗对于印度佛教有着重要意义，它是修行的重要法门，佛典传播延续的重要途径，还是说法的主要方式。佛教传入中国后，宣教方式演化为以诵经、转读和唱导三种为主。诵经依然延续着修行功能，它虽强调对佛法的记忆受持，但是也在无形中起到弘法作用。转读和唱导的主要功能是宣法，它们是佛教中土化、世俗化的产物。目前对宣教现象的研究缺乏系统梳理，所以这也是本章的创新之处。第三部分：早期宣教现象之一—诵经：本章辑录了《高僧传》中具有代表性的诵经法师的历史资料，并对所诵经典进行分析。重点阐述了早期诵经当事人的资格要求、诵经的特点、影响等。目前对于学术界还缺乏早期诵经现象的系统研究，可以说本文是开篇之作。第四部分：早期宣教现象之二——转读：转读是佛教传入中土的时代产物，汉末三国是它的产生阶段，两晋南北朝是它的成熟阶段。在两晋南北朝时期，转读的仪轨规范也逐步发展成熟。通过对转读发展的梳理，可以看出佛教与中国传统文化之间的矛盾和融合。以前对于梵呗的研究多是从音乐学角度入手，本文从哲学和宗教学角度，详细论述了早期转读的发展过程以及意义影响，，可谓是本文的又一创新之处。第五部分：再起宣教现象之三——唱导：唱导是佛教世俗化的产物，采用说唱结合的表演方式。本章采用具体化、个案化的方式，对早期转读法师的资格要求、发展过程进行细致说明与论证，还对唱导的特点提出了自己的见解。以上的内容和见解都是以往研究鲜有涉及的，故而具有创新性。第六部分：结论：中国早期佛教宣教盛行的起因是多方面的，和佛教的传播、译经事业的发展、中国的社会和文化氛围皆有关系。早期宣教活动在发展过程中形成了制度化、仪式化、受众化、善巧化、情感化的多重特点。宣教不仅还推动了佛教自身的发展，还对中华文化造成了广泛和深刻的影响。
[Abstract]:Buddhism was introduced into China in 1th century, but Buddhism did not spread on a large scale until the time of Wei and Jin dynasties when it blended with metaphysics. The way of preaching in Buddhism is also developing and changing. The mode of preaching has evolved from Indian Buddhism to chanting, transferring and singing. Strictly speaking, Brahma also belongs to the category of transliteration, but Brahma mostly involves the field of music. The thesis consists of six parts: The first part: first of all, it defines the subject field of the phenomenon of propaganda in Biography of Senior Monk, reviews the current situation and achievements of its research at home and abroad, and explains the important value and innovation of this thesis. The second part: this chapter combs the development source of the early preaching phenomenon. The Chinese preaching phenomenon originates from the Indian Brahma. Brahma has important significance for Indian Buddhism, it is an important method of spiritual practice. After Buddhism was introduced into China, the mode of preaching evolved into three main ways: chanting, transferring to reading and singing and guiding. Although it emphasizes the memory of the Dharma, it also plays a role in spreading Dharma. The main function of the conversion and singing is to preach the Dharma, which is the localization of Buddhism. The product of secularization. At present, the research on the phenomenon of preaching is not systematically combed, so this is the innovation of this chapter. The third part: one of the early preaching phenomena-reciting the scriptures: this chapter compiles the historical data of the representative chanting mage in Biography of the High Monk. And to recite classics to carry on the analysis. Has elaborated the early recitation sutra client's qualification request, the recitation characteristic, the influence and so on emphatically. At present for the academic circles also lacks the early recitation phenomenon systematic research. It can be said that this article is the beginning of the work. Part 4th: the phenomenon of early missionary education: the transfer of reading is the product of the time when Buddhism was introduced into the Middle Earth, the three Kingdoms in the end of the Han Dynasty is its producing stage, and the Southern and Northern dynasties of Jin and Jin dynasties are its mature stage, and in the period of the Southern and Northern dynasties of Jin and Jin dynasties. By combing the development of transfer reading, we can see the contradiction and fusion between Buddhism and Chinese traditional culture. In the past, most of the research on Brahma is from the perspective of musicology. From the perspective of philosophy and religion, this paper discusses in detail the development process and significance of the early transfer of reading, which is another innovation of this paper. Part 5th: the third part: singing and leading: singing and leading is the result of secularization of Buddhism, which adopts the combination of rap and singing. The qualification requirements of the early transfer mage, the development process of the detailed explanation and demonstration, but also to the characteristics of the singing leader put forward their own views, the above content and views are rarely involved in previous studies. Therefore, it is innovative. Part 6th: conclusion: the causes of the prevalence of early Buddhism in China are various, and the spread of Buddhism and the development of the cause of translation. The social and cultural atmosphere of China is related. In the process of development, early propaganda activities were institutionalized, ritualized, audience and skillful. Evangelism not only promoted the development of Buddhism itself, but also caused extensive and profound influence on Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：四川省社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B948

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