羊卓桑顶寺的“修供”仪式研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 22:36

本文关键词： 珀东桑顶寺仪式修供　出处：《中央民族大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 羊卓桑项寺位于西藏山南地区浪卡子县境内,地处藏区四大神湖之一羊卓雍湖旁边的一个陡峭的山坡上,最初由第一世桑顶·多吉帕姆吉尊却吉准美于1452年所建。此寺院是现今藏区规模最大、佛事仪轨最齐全的珀东派寺院,也是历辈桑顶·多吉帕母活佛的驻锡地。在该寺每年的宗教仪轨当中,藏历五月份举行的大威德金刚四十九佛的“修供”仪式是最具珀东派特点的一个大型宗教活动,在浪卡子和江孜、洛扎等地享有盛誉。然而,由于桑顶寺地处西藏边境、交通极为不便,加之过去像珀东和觉囊之类的小教派都受到了不同程度的歧视和压制,因此,很少有人知晓桑项寺的历史和宗教仪轨。但该寺在西藏近代史上的地位是毋庸置疑的,其多吉帕姆活佛不仅是珀东班钦的持密者,而且也是西藏十大呼托克图之一。直到上世纪中期,卫藏地区的大部分珀东派的寺院先后成了桑顶寺的属寺,其政教实力相当显赫。因此,它是我们了解和研究西藏近五百年历史的一个重要突破口,也是珀东派兴衰历程的缩影。本文在查阅大量藏文手抄经文和各种文献资料的基础上,结合实地调查并运用了宗教人类学和宗教社会学的基本理论和研究方法,着重探讨了羊卓桑顶寺“修供”仪式的起源、发展、变化等。本文共分六章,各章主要内容如下: 第一章作为绪论,主要阐述了论文的选题目的、意义、研究方法,以及国内外相关研究动态等; 第二章是历史与现状的部分,在查阅历史资料和实地考察的基础上,论述了历辈桑顶·多吉帕姆的主要事迹、珀东派与桑顶寺的教派归属问题、所依能依及宗教器具、寺院的组织、管理、制度,以及寺院的经济来源和日常生活等方面。第三章是“修供”总论,是下一章的铺垫和基础,主要探讨了仪式的定义和类别、“修供”一词的含义、藏传佛教各教派的“修供”仪式,以及甘丹颇章时期桑顶寺的“修供”仪式等。在这章里面,本人运用了宗教人类学的相关理论,对藏传佛教纷繁复杂的仪式仪轨作了简要的分析和梳理。第四章是现在的“修供”仪式,这章是整篇论文的重点。按照仪式的先后顺序,共分三节。第一节探讨了仪式的筹备阶段,主要内容涉及到金刚上师的闭关、制作大威德金刚四十九佛的彩粉曼荼罗,以及制作“朵玛”和“堆”供品等;第二节讲述了仪式的正式阶段,详细论述了观修本尊大威德金刚四十九佛(自生、前生、瓶生)的仪轨、吉祥天母的“堆”仪轨、“律”仪轨、“酬补百遍”仪轨、跳神、“灵嘎”伏魔仪轨、“朵加”仪轨等。并对这些仪轨的供品、目的,以及跟这些仪轨有关的主要护法神的历史一一作了的阐释;第三节简要介绍了整个仪式的结尾阶段。第五章是“修供”仪式的功能研究,主要从宗教人类学和宗教社会学的角度认真探究了“修供”仪式的宗教功能、社会功能、文化功能,并提出了“修供”仪式日益世俗化的问题等。第六章为结论部分,对本文各个章节的内容作了高度的概括和总结。
[Abstract]:Zhuo sang temple is located in the territory of a sheep Langkazi County in Shannan area of Tibet, a steep hill is located next to one of the four Tibetan God Lake Lake, initially by the first world Santo Dorjipam Jizun Kyrgyzstan has quasi America built in 1452. This is the largest Tibetan temple, Buddha ritual thing most complete peton monasteries, residence is Libei Santo Dorjipam Buddha.
In the temple every year Tibetan religious rituals, held in May forty-nine Yamantaka Buddha "repair for the ceremony is a large-scale religious activities most peton school characteristics, Langkazi Luozha and in Jiangzi, and enjoy a good reputation. However, because the samding temple is located in the Tibet border, the traffic is very inconvenient in addition, the past like peton and juenang sect, have different degrees of discrimination and repression, therefore, very few people know the history of the temple and sang a religious ritual. But the position of the temple in the modern history of Tibet is beyond doubt, Dorjipa, the Buddha is not only to be Podongbanqin. But Tibet is one of the ten call toktug. Up until the mid century, most peton Weizang area faction of the temple has become the Temple belongs to samding temple, which is a prominent political strength. Therefore, it is our understanding and study in Tibet in recent five hundred years An important breakthrough in the history, is a microcosm of peton sent ups and downs.
Based on consulting a large number of Tibetan handwritten texts and various documents, combining with field investigation and using the basic theory and research methods of Anthropology of religion and sociology of religion, discusses the samding Temple "Zhuo sheep origin, repair for the ceremony, changes. This article is divided into six chapters, the main the contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter, as an introduction, mainly expounds the purpose, significance, research methods, and related research trends at home and abroad.
The second chapter is the history and current situation of the part, on the basis of historical data and on-the-spot investigation, discusses the main problems of the deeds of Libei sang To Dorjipam, the religious sect peton school and samding monastery, in according to the temple and religious instruments, organization, management, system, and source of economic and daily Temple life.
The third chapter is "repair" for general, is the groundwork and foundation of the next chapter, mainly discusses the definition and categories of the ceremony, "for" the meaning of the words of the various sects of Tibetan Buddhism "for repair" ceremony and Gandan pochang period samding Temple "for" the ceremony. In this chapter, I use the theories of religious anthropology, the Tibetan Buddhism complex ceremony rites are analyzed and combed briefly.
The fourth chapter is now the "repair for" ceremony, this chapter is the focus of the whole thesis. In accordance with the order of the ceremony, is divided into three sections. The first section discusses the preparatory stage of the ceremony, the main content involves the Vajra master retreat, making the Yamantaka forty-nine colored Buddha Mandala, and the production of Manasseh. "And" heap "offerings; the second section is about the formal ceremony stage, discusses the concept of repair deity Yamantaka forty-nine Buddha (self, life, life rituals, auspicious bottle) Tianmu" pile "ritual," law "rituals," pay up hundreds of times "rituals, dances," the spirit of GA "demon rituals," adds "rituals. And these ritual offerings, purpose, and explains the main deities associated with these rituals history was 11; the third section briefly introduces the whole ceremony at the end of the stage.
The fifth chapter is about the function research of the "repair and supply" ceremony. Mainly from the perspective of religious anthropology and sociology of religion, the religious functions, social functions and cultural functions of the "repair offering" ceremony were seriously explored, and the "secularization" issue of "repair and supply" ceremony was put forward.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion part, which makes a high summary and summary of the contents of each chapter in this article.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：B948

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