安岳石窟寺遗产的保护性建筑研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 12:38

本文关键词： 安岳石窟保护性建筑窟檐遗产保护修复设计　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石窟寺是一种重要的传统建筑形式,随佛教从印度传入中国,其在历史、艺术、建筑等方面都具有重要的价值。20世纪以来,人们对于遗产保护的认知逐渐加深,从《威尼斯宪章》对历史文物价值保护的肯定,到《奈良文件》、《北京文件》对亚洲地区文物真实性的价值探讨,再到《中国文物古迹保护准则》的制定和完善,我们有了一套保护文物遗产的原则参照。而石窟寺作为一种特殊的内涵丰富的文物形式,对其加以保护和利用具有重要的代表意义。中国拥有数量众多的石窟寺遗产,由于政治经济等一系列复杂的原因,其保护状况呈现出很不均衡的状态。四川安岳地区拥有一大批精美的石窟,其雕刻精妙绝伦,上承广元,下启大足。但相比于北方石窟和邻近的大足石窟,安岳石窟却显得默默无闻。在过去,无论是科研还是保护,安岳石窟都没有受到足够的重视。已有的研究大多数也是出于雕刻艺术和历史学的方向,而如何用建筑学的手段对其进行保护,还缺乏系统的研究。而随着人们对于其价值认知的加深和建设发展的需要,安岳石窟的保护研究可谓迫在眉睫。相比于传统的木构建筑,石质文物性质较稳定,因此得以延续千年,但其依然会受到风化、水蚀以及人为因素的破坏。近年来城市化呈爆炸式发展,环境的突变可能导致文物受破坏的速度加剧。保护文物有很多种方法,而通过以修建窟檐为代表的"建筑手段"对其保护,具有长远的历史传统,具有较温和、稳定、美观的优点。这些保护石窟的房屋,构件以及环境营造的设施等,称为保护性建筑。保护性建筑不仅保护着文物,其本身也具有相应的历史艺术的价值。本文对窟檐修复与保护性设施对策进行研究。通过对于安岳石窟寺的历史沿革、地理环境和分布的分析,明确窟檐和保护性建筑所处的空间环境。记录石窟的建筑形态,分析保护性建筑的材质、构造方式和延续方法,以得出建造适用于安岳的有地区特色的保护性建筑的方法;并且对保护性建筑的设计进行展望,探讨新材料、新技术在安岳石窟保护中运用的可行性。
[Abstract]:Grottoes Temple is an important traditional architectural form. With the introduction of Buddhism from India to China, it has important value in history, art, architecture and so on. Since the 20th century, people's understanding of heritage protection has gradually deepened. From the affirmation of the Venice Charter to the value protection of historical relics, to the discussion of the value of the Nara document, the Beijing document to the authenticity of cultural relics in Asia, and to the formulation and improvement of the guidelines for the Protection of Chinese Cultural relics and Monuments, We have a set of principles for the protection of cultural relics. As a special form of cultural relics with rich connotations, it is of great significance to protect and utilize it. China has a large number of grottoes temple heritage. As a result of a series of complicated political and economic reasons, its protection has shown a very uneven state. The Anyue region of Sichuan Province has a large number of exquisite grottoes, which are beautifully carved and inherited from Guangyuan. But compared to the northern grottoes and the nearby Dazu grottoes, the Anyue grottoes were unknown. In the past, whether scientific research or protection, Anyue grottoes have not received enough attention. Most of the existing studies have also been based on the direction of sculpture and history, and how to protect them by architectural means. However, with the deepening of people's value cognition and the need of construction and development, it is urgent to study the protection of Anyue Grottoes. Compared with traditional wooden structures, the nature of stone relics is relatively stable. So it continues for millennia, but it will still be destroyed by weathering, water erosion and human factors. Urbanization has exploded in recent years, and sudden changes in the environment may lead to an increase in the rate of destruction of cultural relics. There are many ways to protect cultural relics. And through the "building means" represented by building the eaves of the grottoes, it has a long-term historical tradition and has the advantages of being gentle, stable and beautiful. These protect the houses, components and environmental facilities of the grottoes, etc. It is called protective building. The protective building not only protects the cultural relics, but also has the corresponding historical art value. This paper studies the countermeasures of the restoration and protective facilities of the eaves of the grottoes. Through the historical evolution of the Anyue Grottoes Temple, Analyzing the geographical environment and distribution, defining the spatial environment where the eaves of the grottoes and the protective buildings are located, recording the architectural forms of the grottoes, analyzing the materials, construction methods and continuation methods of the protective buildings, In order to obtain the method of constructing the protective building with regional characteristics suitable for Anyue, the design of the protective building is prospected, and the feasibility of the application of new materials and new technology in the protection of Anyue grottoes is discussed.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K879.29;TU252

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