《药师经》研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 22:32

本文选题：药师经　切入点：信仰体系　出处：《四川省社会科学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：药师法门的济世利生性使之在当代越发流行，不断举办的药师法会以及不断兴建的药师坛城就是药师信仰在当今拥有越来越多信众的证明。而药师信仰的主要依据则为《药师经》，其共有五个汉译本，包括《佛说灌顶拔除过罪生死得度经》、《药师琉璃光经》、《佛说药师如来本愿经》、《药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经》、《药师琉璃光七佛本愿功德经》。为修法的方便，后人以玄奘所译《药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经》为主本，并收入其他译本的内容而完善该经，使之成为流通最广泛的译本。因此研究药师法门当以完善后的《药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经》为主，再结合其他译本的不同之处，并广泛关注译本与其时代性，该法门的具体修行方法以及变化发展。《药师经》反映出了药师法门庞大的信仰体系，以及圆融的思想体系。其中，信仰体系包括药师佛及其东方净土，日光菩萨、月光菩萨，十二药叉大将，以及救脱菩萨，等等。此信仰体系重在描述药师佛及其眷属的形象与功能、东方净土的殊胜景象，通过这一系列庄严而独特的形象以达到佛教的表法意趣，展示出药师信仰所传达的精神主旨。思想体系则分为药师佛十二大愿，关怀众生的方便说法，以及如何行持药师法门的内容，其共同架构出药师法门中所蕴藏的佛教哲学内涵。药师佛的十二大愿主要为关注众生并满足其欲求，其中每一愿的关注都有侧重点，将此分类可知药师本愿体现出佛教的四谛观，再总结归纳可体现佛教本心说。《药师经》中的方便法门则同其他法门一样体现出佛教特有的方便智慧，即佛教哲学中的般若观。最后，《药师经》用大篇幅阐述如何行持该法门，，且点明修行所带来的利益，再次说明修行实践在佛教乃至一切宗教中所占的重要位置。《药师经》随着佛教在中国的传播，总归是影响了不少人，并与中国的文化产生融合，相互影响，相互进化。从古至今，不断有学者致力于研究其中，信众则于不同地方塑造各种药师佛像，形成一些与药师法门有关的风俗文化，受文化熏陶的人也多少将此融入进自身的修养或文艺作品中。如此药师法门正迎合当今时代的需求，对当代众生也能够方便指引，由此将给社会带来实际生活方面、宗教文化方面、心理学、教育学以及哲学等多方面的积极价值。
[Abstract]:The altruistic nature of the pharmacist method made it more and more popular in contemporary times. The constant holding of pharmacists' Dharma and the continuous construction of the Pharmacists' Forum City are proof that pharmacists' beliefs have more and more followers today. The main basis for pharmacists' beliefs is the Pharmacists' Chronicles, which has five Chinese translations. These include the Book of Life and death of the Buddha, the Book of Medicine, the Buddha says that the pharmacist has come to this wish, the Buddha says that the pharmacist has come to this wish, and the Medicine Master, the Liuliang Light, has the merit of the original wish, and the pharmacist, Liu Li, the Seven Buddhas, has made it possible to practice the Dharma, and so as to facilitate the practice of the Dharma, it is convenient for us to practice the Dharma. Later generations perfected the Sutra with the translation of Xuanzang's version of the Book of Merit and morality by the pharmacist Liu Li Guang as the fulfillment of his wish, as well as the content of other translations. Making it the most widely circulated version. Therefore, the study of pharmacists' Dharma should focus on the improved "Pharmacist Liulichuanglai", combining with the differences of other versions, and paying extensive attention to the translation and its epochal nature. The specific methods of practice and the changes and developments of the Dharma. The pharmacist scriptures reflect the vast belief system of the pharmacist Dharma, as well as the harmonious ideological system. Among them, the belief system includes the pharmacist Buddha and his oriental Pure Land, the Sunshine Bodhisattva, the Moonlight Bodhisattva, the General of the 12 medicine forks, and the salvation of the Bodhisattva. This belief system focuses on describing the image and function of the pharmacist Buddha and his family, the difference of the Eastern Pure Land, through this series of solemn and unique images to achieve the Buddhist expression of interest, showing the spirit of the spirit conveyed by the pharmacist belief. The ideological system is divided into 12 great vows of the pharmacist Buddha, the convenient saying of caring for sentient beings, and the contents of how to practice the pharmacist method. Its common structure is the connotation of Buddhist philosophy contained in the pharmacist method. The 12 Great Vows of the pharmacist Buddha are mainly concerned with all living beings and satisfy their desires, each of which has its own focus. According to this classification, the pharmacist's wish embodies the four essentials of Buddhism, and then summarizes and sums up the essence of Buddhism. The convenient method in the Pharmacists' Sutra reflects the unique convenient wisdom of Buddhism just like other methods. Finally, the Book of Medicine explains how to practice this method, and points out the benefits of spiritual practice, and explains once again the important position of practice in Buddhism and all religions. With the spread of Buddhism in China, the "pharmacist scriptures" have influenced many people and become integrated with Chinese culture, influence each other, and evolve with each other. From ancient to present, there have been many scholars who have devoted themselves to studying them. Believers in different places molded various Buddha statues of pharmacists and formed some customs and cultures related to the pharmacist method. People who have been educated by culture have also somehow integrated this into their own cultivation or literary works. This way, the pharmacist method is catering to the needs of the present era, and it can also be convenient for the guidance of contemporary beings, which will bring about practical aspects of life to society. Religion and culture, psychology, pedagogy, philosophy and many other aspects of positive value.
【学位授予单位】：四川省社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B948

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