临济义玄禅法思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 06:32

本文选题：义玄 + 禅法　；参考：《江西师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：临济宗在中国禅宗历史上具有很重要的地位,在禅宗五个主要流派中属最重要的一个流派,也是最早出现的,并且是五派中唯一创立于北方的的宗派。在宋朝时期曾有“临天下,曹一角”的说法,这充分说明了临济宗在当时的地位。并且从其后来发展看,它一直流传至今,影响依旧很大。而义玄作为临济宗的创始人,义玄对临济宗的兴盛起到了不可磨灭的作用。本文主要对其禅法做一个整体的研究。第一部分主要对义玄生平经历及禅法背景进行论述,义玄先后在希运禅师和大愚禅师处习禅并开悟。修得佛法之后北上河北传法,在河北传法分为两个时期,分别是镇州时期和魏州贵乡时期。在镇州传法过程中得到普化的帮助,普化的一些行为对义玄的禅法形成也起到了积极的作用。接着介绍了义玄禅法形成与当时社会背景的关系,义玄所处的时代恰逢唐武宗灭佛,在这样特殊的时期其禅法也受到了当时社会的影响。第二部分对义玄的禅学思想结构进行阐述。义玄禅法思想结构是建立在空观思想之上的。无论是其心性论、修行论、还是教学方法都透露出空观思想。义玄的心性论很有其个人特色,他认为人人所具有的“心”是不二的,并且要达到清净,最重要的是他对“心”的表述并不像一般禅师那样简单的用心来表达,而是用了很多其个人的独特表述。在于修行论方面义玄认为学人要做到树立自信,不能盲目去迷信任何人、任何文字,要做到对内心的信任。既然自信自己能够成佛,那么就无需去外求佛法,只要无修无证,做到“无事是贵人”的境界就可以了。义玄的教学方法也是其禅法结构中重要一环,义玄的教学方法是有一套完整体系的。这一套体系是建立在其棒喝基础之上的三玄三要、三句、四宾主、四照用。第三部分阐述了义玄禅法的渊源及特色,在渊源方面义玄禅法思想继承了洪州禅的禅法思想,在继承的基础上义玄还发扬洪州禅的棒喝之风与心性思想。在禅法特色方面,分为两部分首先义玄反对权威,反对传统,在这基础之上将呵佛骂祖推向极致。其次义玄的禅法思想中也有很多与道家相融合的地方。四部分阐述了义玄的法嗣以及义玄对后世的影响。首先是从义玄法嗣传承的角度来看其影响。接着门庭施设和心性论角度阐述了义玄禅法对后世的影响。
[Abstract]:Linjizong plays an important role in the history of Chinese Zen Buddhism. It is one of the most important schools among the five main schools of Zen Buddhism and is the only one founded in the north of the five schools.In the Song Dynasty, there was a saying of "coming to the world, Cao Xiao", which fully explained the position of Lin Jizong at that time.And from its later development, it has been spread to date, the impact is still very big.As the founder of Lingjizong, Yixuan played an indelible role in the prosperity of Linjizong.This paper mainly studies its Zen method as a whole.The first part mainly discusses the life experience of Yi Xuan and the background of Zen method.After practicing Buddhist Dharma, he went north to Hebei to spread the Dharma, which was divided into two periods: Zhenzhou period and Wei Zhou Guixiang period.In the process of spreading the method of Zhenzhou to get the help of popularization, some common behavior also played a positive role in the formation of the Zen method of meaning and metaphysics.Then it introduces the relationship between the formation of the Yi-Xuan Zen method and the social background at that time. Yi-Xuan lived in an era when Wuzong died out the Buddha in the Tang Dynasty. In such a special period, the Zen method was also influenced by the society at that time.The second part expounds the ideological structure of Yi-Xuan 's Zen study.The ideological structure of Yi-Xuan Zen method is based on the idea of empty view.Whether it is the theory of mind, spiritual practice, or teaching methods all reveal the idea of emptiness.Yi-Xuan 's theory of mind has its own characteristics. He thinks that everyone has the same "heart", and to achieve cleanliness, the most important thing is that his expression of "heart" is not as simple as the intention of the common Zen master.It uses many of its own unique expressions.In the aspect of spiritual practice, Yi-Xuan believes that scholars should build self-confidence, not blindly believe in anyone, any words, and trust in their hearts.Since you are confident that you can become a Buddha, you don't have to go outside to ask for Dharma.The teaching method of meaning metaphysics is also an important part of its Zen structure, and the teaching method of meaning metaphysics has a complete system.This system is based on the three metaphysical three-purpose, three-sentence, four-guest, four-according to-use.The third part expounds the origin and characteristics of the Yi-Xuan Zen method, inherits the Zen thought of Hongzhou Zen in the origin aspect, and carries forward the Hongzhou Zen's style of drinking and mind on the basis of inheritance.In the aspect of the characteristics of Zen and Dharma, there are two parts: first, Yixuan opposes authority and tradition, on this basis, the abhorrence of Buddha is pushed to the extreme.Secondly, there are many places in the thought of Zen and metaphysics that merge with Taoism.The fourth part expounds the Dharma of Yichuan and its influence on later generations.First of all, from the point of view of the inheritance of the Xuan Dharma.Then, the influence of Yi-Xuan Zen method on later generations is expounded from the perspective of Menting Shi and the theory of mind nature.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B946.5

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