19世纪高卢主义滞留和衰落的启示——以1801年政教协约为个案

发布时间：2018-04-14 18:56

本文选题：高卢主义 + 拿破仑　；参考：《史学集刊》2013年01期

【摘要】：自中世纪晚期以来,法国的政教关系长期处在政教协约体制的语境中,即便在1789年的大革命以后,教会重建的法律和政治保障仍然是拿破仑与教宗庇护七世签订的1801年协约。法国同时又具有所谓的高卢主义传统,强调地方教会的权利和国家对教会的控制。在法国,由1801年协约签订到1905年协约被废除、政教分离法颁布,高卢主义传统有一个逐渐衰落的过程,现代意义上的政教分离逐渐取代了政教协约体制。这一时期的美国天主教徒早已接受了美国宪法的政教分离原则,他们对法国宗教政治的看法有趣而深刻,有助于我们认识法国特色的政教关系。高卢主义的式微是西方国家政教关系现代化的一个代表性事件,其结果是政教关系之法国模式与美国模式的趋同。
[Abstract]:Since the late Middle Ages, the relationship between state and religion in France has long been in the context of the treaty system of state and religion. Even after the Revolution of 1789, the legal and political guarantee for the reconstruction of the church was still the 1801 treaty signed between Napoleon and Pope asylum VII.France also has a so-called Gaul tradition, emphasizing the rights of local churches and state control over the church.In France, the treaty between 1801 and 1905 was abolished, the law of separation of state and religion was promulgated, and the tradition of Gaulism declined gradually. The separation of state and religion gradually replaced the system of the treaty of state and education in the modern sense.During this period, American Catholics accepted the principle of separation of church and state in the constitution of the United States. Their views on French religious politics are interesting and profound, which helps us to understand the relationship between church and state with French characteristics.The decline of Gaullism is a representative event of the modernization of the political and religious relations in western countries, and the result is the convergence between the French model and the American model of the relationship between the state and religion.
【作者单位】：北京大学历史学系;
【分类号】：K565;B968

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