《山海经》祭山仪式研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 20:11

本文选题：《山海经》 + 祭山仪式　；参考：《西北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：《山海经》中祭山仪式是中国祭祀体系的源头之一，对后世祭祀制度有极大影响，但目前学术界对《山海经》祭祀制度方面的研究少之又少。古人对《山海经》的研究局限于书籍分类、版本、译注、以及地理、医药、神话、巫术等方面，以地理和神话研究为主。今人对《山海经》的研究角度颇多，有神话、宗教、政治、历法、民族、考古、天文、美学等角度，视野开阔。前人研究亦存在不足，例如重复性研究过多，资料运用过分依赖文献资料，对民俗史料以及考古资料的运用相对较少。对《山海经》祭山仪式的整体性把握、探究仪式意义、社会影响等方面考证不足。所以这种趋于源头性的探究在此种背景下更具研究价值。本文着力于对《山海经》的祭山仪式进行整体性研究。结合“万物有灵论”分析祭祀产生于先民神秘思维产生之时，并将《山经》中祭山仪式进行归纳，结合考古资料解析祭山仪式中献祭、祭法、仪式的构成及意义。将《山海经》中神灵崇拜分类，总结为自然崇拜、动植物崇拜、偶像崇拜、祖先崇拜及神性英雄几方面，分析《山海经》中祭祀、信仰以及图腾对原始宗教形成的推动性作用，试看先民的原始宗教观念的初步形成。分析祭山仪式的社会功能，主要是祭祀对社会政治、经济文化、社会道德方面的影响。本文从《山海经》文本出发，结合西方理论中的合理成分，并利用出土文献的实证性，，以及民俗史料揭示祭山仪式所反映的社会心理及社会意义，试看其对原始宗教的影响，剖析《山海经》祭山仪式的源流。利用归类研究的方法，将《山海经》中属于同一类别的原始信仰集合并进行整体关照。最终得出结论：《山海经》的祭山仪式与人们的日常生活息息相关，视其对人们生活生产的影响程度而定。
[Abstract]:Mountain sacrifice ceremony in Shanhai Classic is one of the sources of Chinese sacrifice system, which has great influence on the system of sacrifice in later generations. However, there is little research on the system of sacrifice in Shanhai Classic at present in academic circles. The ancient studies on the Classic of Mountains and Seas are limited to book classification, edition, translation, geography, medicine, mythology, witchcraft and so on. There are many perspectives in the study of Mountain and Sea Classic, such as mythology, religion, politics, calendar, nationality, archaeology, astronomy, aesthetics and so on. There are also shortcomings in previous studies, such as too many repetitive studies, too much reliance on literature, and relatively little use of folklore and archaeological materials. Lack of textual research on the wholeness, significance and social influence of mountain worship ceremony in Mountain and Sea Classic. So this kind of inquiry that tends to the source is more valuable under this kind of background. This paper focuses on the holistic study of mountain worship ceremony in Mountain and Sea Classic. Combined with "animism of all things", this paper analyzes that the sacrifice came into being when the mysterious thinking of the ancestors came into being, and sums up the ritual of sacrificing the mountain in the Book of Mountains. Combined with the archaeological data, the paper analyzes the composition and significance of the sacrifice, the method of sacrifice and the ritual in the ritual of sacrificing the mountain. This paper classifies the worship of gods in the Book of Mountains and Seas, summarizes it as nature worship, animal and plant worship, idolatry, ancestor worship and divine hero, and analyzes the role of sacrifice, belief and totem in promoting the formation of primitive religion. Try to see the initial formation of the primitive religious concept of the ancestors. This paper analyzes the social function of the ritual of mountain sacrifice, mainly the influence of sacrifice on social politics, economy and culture, and social morality. Starting from the text of Mountain and Sea Classic, combining with the reasonable elements in western theory, and using the positivities of unearthed documents and the historical data of folk customs to reveal the social psychology and social significance reflected in the ceremony of sacrificing mountains, this paper tries to see its influence on primitive religion. Analyze the origin of mountain worship ceremony in Mountain and Sea Classic. By using the method of categorization, the original beliefs belonging to the same category in Mountain and Sea Classic are collected and taken care of as a whole. Finally, it is concluded that the ceremony of mountain worship is closely related to people's daily life, depending on the degree of its influence on people's life and production.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B933

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