临济、曹洞二宗禅学比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 22:13

本文选题：临济宗 + 曹洞宗　；参考：《安徽大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：晚唐至五代期间，禅宗五家相继创立，其中临济宗与曹洞宗流传时间最长，影响最为深远。细细探究即可明白，二宗生命力如此强盛与其禅学思想是密切相关的。总体上看两家皆宗本于南宗禅，都是依据同样的佛教经典来弘扬六祖顿教宗旨的。在禅修方面都重视把日常生活与参禅相结合，随顺自然、发明心地以求顿悟。但细细考究，两家禅学思想又不尽相同，禅法差异较大，，禅风也形成鲜明对照。本文以比较的方法研究了两家的禅学，分析两家立宗法门与弘法施设，以期品味其迥异之趣。概括而言，临济宗要求学人必须首先建立“真正见解”，进而强调“自信”，不向外求，随缘任运。临济宗一般以迅雷不及掩耳的手段或言句，剿绝学人情识，单刀直入，使学人幡然省悟，此为临济特色。曹洞宗的偏正回互的“五位法门”以其行功绵密，循序渐进，使学人功勋逐步圆满，此为曹洞特色。临济与曹洞在发挥南宗禅时，都力求超越祖师，在禅学理论上都汲取了教内与教外的思想，但各有侧重：临济宗以援引道家思想为主，曹洞宗以援华严宗思想为主。无论是临济宗严父般的凌厉，还是曹洞宗慈母似的平和，在思维上都是求异的，都强调学人自身的觉悟，用棒喝或机锋中断学人思维，形成思维跳跃，引起返照，进而顿悟。临济宗与曹洞宗在中国禅宗发展史上持续时间长久，最终皆归净土。二宗在发展的过程中吸取中国文化同时也发展了中国文化，为禅宗这一中国特色的佛教成为中国文化国内的一杂奇葩作出了不朽的贡献。
[Abstract]:From late Tang to five dynasties, five Zen schools were established, among which Lin Jizong and Cao Dongzong had the longest spreading time and the most far-reaching influence. It can be understood that the vitality of the two schools is closely related to their Zen thoughts. Generally speaking, the two schools are based on the Nanzong Zen, both based on the same Buddhist scriptures to carry forward the principles of the six Suites. In the aspect of meditation, we attach importance to combining daily life with Zen, following nature, inventing the mind to seek enlightenment. But carefully, the two Zen thoughts are different, the Zen method is quite different, and the Zen style is in sharp contrast. This paper studies the Zen study of the two schools by means of comparison, and analyzes the two schools of patriarchal sect and teaching, in order to taste their different interests. To sum up, Lin Jizong requires scholars to establish "real opinions" first, and then emphasize "confidence", not to seek out, and to follow suit. Linjizong generally with rapid means or words and sentences, suppression of the study of human knowledge, straight into, so that the scholar's pennant enlightenment, this is the characteristics of Lin Ji. Cao Dongzong's "five Dharma", which is mutually correct, is characterized by Cao Dong's achievements in a gradual and gradual manner. Both Linji and Cao Dong tried their best to transcend their ancestors when they played the Southern Zen. In Zen theory, they all absorbed the thought of both inside and outside the religion, but each had its own emphasis: Lin Jizong mainly cited Taoism, Cao Dongzong gave priority to the idea of aiding Hua Yan sect. Whether it is the strict father of temporary relief, or Cao Dongzong loving mother like calm, in the thinking are different, they all emphasize the scholar's own consciousness, drink with sticks or machine to interrupt the scholar's thinking, form thinking jump, cause back to light, and then epiphany. Linjizong and Cao Dongzong lasted a long time in the history of Chinese Zen Buddhism. In the process of development, the two schools absorbed Chinese culture and also developed Chinese culture, which made immortal contribution to the Buddhist Buddhism with Chinese characteristics as a miscellaneous exotic flower of Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：B94

【引证文献】