试析20世纪20年代前圣社的发展

发布时间：2018-05-16 05:45

本文选题：圣社 + 印穆关系　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为率先以印度教传统文化为切入点对印度教和印度教社会进行改革的组织团体,圣社因其对当时印度政治和社会的重大影响引起人们的普遍关注。本文将从圣社的创始人达耶难陀对圣社日后发展的影响为行文基础,以19世纪末20世纪初印度的时代背景为行文依据,分两部分对其改革和发展脉络进行梳理,并对其性质和影响进行探讨。文章首先介绍斯瓦米·达耶难陀为圣社发展创造的宝贵遗产,主要包括宗教理论和实践与圣社机构运行两方面。其次是斯瓦米·达耶难陀逝世后圣社面对的时代变化,有两个主要的变化,一是印度民族主义高涨,追求民族独立已经是印度人民的第一要务；期间相伴而生的就是印度教民族主义。正是这一时代的变化,促使圣社逐步蜕变。第二部分主要是阐述圣社在斯瓦米·达耶难陀逝世后的十年发展以及它的分裂。其中古鲁库拉派在斯拉达南达的领导下更加激进一些,而且更加注重印度教的改革；但是学院派在拉杰帕特的领导下开始积极寻求与国大党合作,参与政治运动。截至20世纪20年代圣社的发展与初期有了很大的不同,期间圣社的两个派别依然共同致力于印度的教育、报刊和慈善救济工作,但是它们与印度的政治活动开始接触频繁,并逐步走向印度教民族主义道路。圣社的这一选择夹杂着复杂的印穆关系、圣社成员与印度教民族主义组织的紧密关系等内容,并对印度教民族主义在印度的发展产生了巨大的影响。行文最后是对圣社性质的探讨和对其历史影响的评价。圣社在发展之初就选择了以印度教的吠陀经典作为其内核支柱,虽然它的发展得益于此,但也受限于此。尽管在其发展道路中,圣社的有些措施抉择透着极端与狭隘,但作为印度向现代转型的参与者之一,圣社无疑发挥了其独特的力量。
[Abstract]:As the first organization to reform Hinduism and Hinduism society with the traditional Hindu culture as the starting point, the Sanhedrin caused widespread concern for its great influence on Indian politics and society at that time. Based on the influence of the founder of the Holy Society, Dayananda, on the future development of the Society, this paper, based on the background of India in the late 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, is divided into two parts to sort out the context of its reform and development. Its nature and influence are also discussed. This paper first introduces the valuable heritage created by Swamy Dayananda for the development of the Holy Society, which includes two aspects: religious theory and practice and the operation of the institution. Secondly, there are two major changes in the times faced by the Church after the death of Swamy Dayananda. One is the upsurge of Indian nationalism, and the pursuit of national independence has become the first priority of the Indian people. The period was accompanied by Hindu nationalism. It was the change of the times that led to the gradual transformation of the Church. The second part mainly describes the development of the Church and its division in the ten years after the death of Swamy Dayananda. Among them, the Gulukulas were more radical under the leadership of Sladananda and more focused on Hindu reform; but the academicians, under Rajapat, were actively seeking to work with the Congress party to participate in the political movement. By the 1920s, the development of the Church had been very different from that of the early days, during which the two sects of the Church continued to work together on Indian education, newspapers and charitable relief, but they began to have frequent contacts with Indian political activities. And step by step towards Hindu nationalism. The choice of the Holy Society is mixed with the complicated Indian-Muslim relationship and the close relationship between the members of the Church and Hindu nationalist organizations and has exerted a great influence on the development of Hindu nationalism in India. Finally, the author discusses the nature of the Sanctuary and evaluates its historical influence. At the beginning of its development, the Society chose the Hindu Vedic Sutra as its inner pillar, and although it benefited from it, it was limited by it. Although in its development path, some of its measures are extreme and narrow, but as one of India's participants in the transition to the modern, the Church has undoubtedly played its unique role.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B982;K351.43

【共引文献】