从跨文化视域看道教在越南传播的特点

发布时间：2018-06-22 16:40

本文选题：道教 + 越南　；参考：《西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2013年03期

【摘要】：道教是以"得道成仙"为基本信仰的中国传统宗教,其奉为最高宗旨的"道"至今都是越南文化中最具有象征性和影响力的符号之一。从时间上看,道教在创立之初就传入越南,从民间传播到上层社会,19世纪又逐渐回归民间,形成了漫长的传播史。从传播途径上看,早期道教先从陆路(云南或广西)进入越南,后来在东晋时,孙恩、卢循起义又通过海路将天师道传入越南。金元时创立的全真道在明末清初南下传教的过程中,又通过多条线路进入越南。中国道教与越南道教形成了源流关系。道教在跨文化、跨民族、跨宗教向越南传播中形成了如下特点:神灵信仰是道教在越南传播的主要象征符号;道教经常与佛教相伴而行;道教神灵与越南民间信仰相混杂,衍化出一些具有越南民族文化特色的新道派,其中影响最大的就是母道教与高台教;劝善书是道教在越南传递教理教义和对民众进行道德教化的一种方式,在维系越南社会结构和文化系统的动态平衡方面发挥着一定作用。
[Abstract]:Taoism is a traditional Chinese religion with the basic belief of "getting Taoism into immortals". Taoism, which is regarded as the highest aim of Taoism, is still one of the most symbolic and influential symbols in Vietnamese culture. From the point of view of time, Taoism was introduced into Vietnam at the beginning of its founding, and gradually returned to the folk in the 19th century from the folk to the upper class, forming a long history of communication. In terms of transmission, the early Taoism first entered Vietnam by land (Yunnan or Guangxi), then in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Sun en and Lu Xun uprised through the sea to introduce Tianshi Road to Vietnam. Quan Zhen Tao, founded in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, passed through many routes into Vietnam. The relationship between Chinese Taoism and Vietnamese Taoism was formed. Taoism has formed the following characteristics in its cross-cultural, inter-ethnic and inter-religious communication to Vietnam: the belief of gods is the main symbol of Taoism spreading in Vietnam; Taoism often goes hand in hand with Buddhism; Taoist gods are mixed with Vietnamese folk beliefs. Some new Taoist schools with the characteristics of Vietnamese national culture have been developed, among which the most influential ones are the mother Taoism and the Gaotai sect; and the book of persuasion is a way for Taoism to pass on the teachings of teachings and to educate the people morally in Vietnam. It plays a certain role in maintaining the dynamic balance of Vietnamese social structure and cultural system.
【作者单位】：南京大学哲学系;南京大学宗教学系;
【基金】：国家十一五社科规划基金项目“东亚道教研究”(06BZJ011) 教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“东方道文化的特质与精神”(10JHQ050)阶段性成果
【分类号】：B958

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