天主教在吕梁的传播与影响

发布时间：2018-09-04 07:23

【摘要】：本文梳理了天主教在吕梁的传播过程,讨论了天主教作为一种异质文化进入吕梁后与吕梁当地文化融合所产生的一些文化现象,分析了这些文化现象中的中西文化由冲突到融合的过程、结果及原因。本文分为五个部分。第一个部分是导论,主要分析了中国学者对天主教这种外来宗教在中国活动情况的研究成果、天主教在山西的研究成果。近年来,文学研究逐渐转向文化研究,而作为外来文化的一部分,天主教在国内的活动情况也成为比较文学研究的重要部分。第二部分是对天主教在吕梁活动情况的概述,梳理了天主教传入吕梁的过程及其在吕梁活动的特点。天主教传入吕梁,至今已有三百多年的历史,其活动也已经在吕梁形成了一定规模。在比较文学研究中,必须把文化的误读看作一种常态,即一种外来文化,在新的土壤扎根时,并不是被准确无误地接受,而总是存在着一定程度的偏差。笔者即从吕梁地区民众加入天主教的动机来探讨这种误读。第三个部分介绍的是天主教在吕梁经过较长时间的发展后,创办的一些教育事业和慈善事业,教育事业中包括神学教育和世俗教育,神学教育沿袭了中世纪传统,而世俗教育的形式则比较灵活。慈善事业则包括孤老院、育婴堂等。这些活动虽然与宗教活动并无直接联系,却对传教活动有不少的促进作用,加速了两种文化互相融合、调合的过程。第四部分是全文的重点部分,梳理了天主教在进入吕梁地区以后的本土化过程中与吕梁当地文化碰撞产生的一系列文化现象：中外神职人员之间的关系从“和平共处”到“矛盾激化”,最后本土神职人员获得了自主管理教会的权利；“汾阳教区”作为中国首个国籍教区,在一些外国传教士的帮助下,经过许多当地神职人员长期艰难的努力才得以诞生；在天主教文化与本地文化的融合中,首先,天主教对教民的日常生活构成了明显的影响,其次,从建筑文化的角度来看,天主教教堂风格在进入吕梁后发生了一定的变异现象,教堂的整体风格和建筑细节都加入了吕梁本地的文化因素。用比较文学的眼光看这些现象,可以看出：不同文化之间的影响并不是单向进行的,而是双向交流式的,两种文化在进行长期的冲突与互动后,彼此都发生了深刻的改变。第五部分是论文的结语,对以上种种文化现象的本质,以及其中体现出的文化规律进行了归纳和总结：天主教在吕梁的活动,实际上是西方文化对吕梁当地文化进行影响的过程,这种影响最终以冲突—折衷—互动—融合的方式体现出来。
[Abstract]:This paper combs the spreading process of Catholicism in Lv Liang, and discusses some cultural phenomena resulting from the integration of Catholicism and the local culture of Lv Liang after Catholicism, as a kind of heterogeneous culture, has entered Lv Liang. This paper analyzes the process, results and reasons of the Chinese and Western cultures in these cultural phenomena from conflict to integration. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction which mainly analyzes the research results of Chinese scholars on the activities of Catholicism in China and the research results of Catholicism in Shanxi. In recent years, literary studies have gradually turned to cultural studies. As a part of foreign culture, Catholicism's activities in China have become an important part of comparative literature research. The second part is an overview of Catholicism's activities in Lv Liang, combing the process of Catholicism's introduction into Lv Liang and the characteristics of Catholicism's activities in Lv Liang. Catholicism has been introduced to Lv Liang for more than 300 years and its activities have formed on a certain scale in Lv Liang. In the study of comparative literature, the misreading of culture must be regarded as a kind of normal, that is, a kind of foreign culture, when it takes root in the new soil, it is not accepted accurately, but always has a certain degree of deviation. The author discusses this misreading from the motivations of the people in Lv Liang area to join the Catholic Church. The third part introduces some educational undertakings and charitable undertakings founded by Lv Liang after a long period of development, including theological education and secular education, which followed the medieval tradition. The form of secular education is more flexible. Charities include solitary homes, nursery halls, and so on. Although these activities are not directly related to religious activities, they play a significant role in promoting the missionary activities, and speed up the process of merging and blending the two cultures. The fourth part is the key part of the full text, This paper combs a series of cultural phenomena arising from the collision between Catholicism and Lv Liang local culture in the process of localization after entering Lv Liang area: the relationship between Chinese and foreign clergy from "peaceful coexistence" to "contradiction intensification". Finally, the local clergy obtained the right to manage the church independently. Fenyang diocese, as the first diocese of nationality in China, was born with the help of some foreign missionaries after a long period of hard work by many local clergy. In the integration of Catholic culture and local culture, first of all, Catholicism has an obvious impact on the daily life of the clergy. Secondly, from the perspective of architectural culture, the style of Catholic Church has mutated after entering Lv Liang. The overall style and architectural details of the church have incorporated Lv Liang's local culture. Looking at these phenomena from the perspective of comparative literature, we can see that the influence between different cultures is not one-way, but two-way communication. After a long period of conflict and interaction, the two cultures have undergone profound changes. The fifth part is the conclusion of the thesis, which summarizes the essence of the above cultural phenomena and the cultural laws embodied therein: the activities of Catholicism in Lv Liang, In fact, it is the process of western culture influencing Lv Liang's local culture, which is finally reflected in the way of conflict-compromise-interaction-fusion.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：B977

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