20世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰状况考察

  本文关键词：20世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰状况考察，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

20世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰状况考察

20世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰状况考察

宗教信仰寓含了丰富的社会变迁信息，因此也给学术界提供了丰富的研究素材。宗教作为心理学、社会学、文化人类学的论题，取得了丰硕的成果。农村宗教作为农村社会变迁研究中的一个课题，在社会转型时期凸现出其对于社会稳定乃至社会发展研究的学术价值。但农村宗教研究仍是目前研究领域比较薄弱的一块。本文以江浙沪地区的农村宗教为研究对象，尝试运用历史学和宗教社会学的策略，梳理20世纪80年代以前江浙沪农村宗教信仰的盛衰起伏的历史过程，着重考察20世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰变迁的趋势，进而从宗教信仰与社会转型、宗教信仰与社会稳定等角度，浅析浅析宗教信仰与乡村社会变迁的内在关联，并提出与农村宗教不足相关的对策性深思。 本篇论文共分为五个构成部分。 导言。从相关论题研究的近况及成果出发，讨论了本文写作的缘起和研究的意 义，介绍了本文所借鉴的理论与相关的研究策略，对本文赖以展开的民间文献、档案文献和口述史料，也作了简要的说明。 第一部分。分两个阶段对20世纪80年代以前江浙沪农村宗教信仰状况予以考察。1900至1949年，江浙乡村的佛教和道教出现阶段性衰落，在农村社会中的影响力也持续下降。相反，天主教和基督教却因为“本色化”运动的展开，不断向农村社会中渗透，并不断扩大其对农村社会变迁的影响力。1949至1978年，在国家政权对农村社会的强势整合、大规模的社会改造和社会动员的背景下，各种公开的乡村宗教活动相继中止，宗教信众人数下降，宗教信仰在农村社会的影响力相应削弱。 第二部分。从信众的社会构成、乡村宗教体系和乡村教会等角度，梳理了20世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰的趋势。认为革新开放以来江浙乡村的“宗教热”具有与此前不同的三大特点：宗教信众的增加主要集中在一些经济极发达地区和一些经济极贫困地区，乡村宗教发展呈现出两极化的趋势；佛教、道教等本土化宗教继续衰落或复兴无力，而天主教和基督教这些非本土的宗教却在农村迅速拓展，呈现为“西教东热”的趋势；宗教信仰功利化、信仰群体多硕博在线论文网化乡村教会世俗化，呈现为适应江浙乡村社会现实的本土化趋势。 第三部分。从社会转型与农村宗教信仰、社会稳定与农村宗教信仰两个层面对二十世纪80年代以来江浙沪农村宗教信仰进行社会学浅析浅析。剖析传统和现代冲突交融之后农村社会的转变，由此反映到利益分化后农民宗教信仰需求及其取舍的深层理由，同时根据农民宗教信仰的心态延伸出关于农村宗教信仰世俗化和本土化后对农村社会稳定的深层影响。 结语。根据江浙沪农村宗教信仰状态的考察，总结目前农村宗教信仰的特点，进而提出可行性倡议，作为今后正确面对农村宗教信仰不足的借鉴，在信仰价值和国家制约上加强建设，促使新时期农村宗教发挥起积极作用，克服其负面影响。打造农村社会良好的文化氛围。

【Abstract】 Since the faith not only comprises abundant sociology information but also provides rich materials for the academe research, the religion as a thesis makes great progress on psychology, sociology and anthropology. During the trans-society period, country religion as one of the issue on country society vicissitudinous research stands out its learning value for the research on society stabilization and society development while the disquisition on country religion still is one of the poor parts on research fields at present. So this paper which aims at Jiangzhehu country religion by the means of history and religion sociology hackle the rise and fall of Jiangzhehu country religion faith before 1980s and emphasize on the trend of Jiangzhehu country religion faith flux since 1980s from the point of view of faith and society trans-style, religion faith and society stabilization, then analyses the inner connection between the faith and country society flux Put forward the political reflections upon country religionThe paper is made up of five parts.The introduction discusses the reason and meanings of the composition from the view of point of the actuality and fruit introduces the method used for reference and have a simple account for the folk literature, historical record and nuncupative record.The first part reviews the situation of Jiangzhehu country religion on two aspects before 1980s. From 1900 to 1949, Buddhism and Taoism in Jiangzhehu country which came forth comedown lead to the fall in the country society force. While Catholicism and Christianism continued to infiltrate through the country society and enlarge the influence by the nativism.From 1949 to 1978, on the background of punchy conformity, society alteration and society mobilization with a big scale, all kinds of open activities about country religion stopped in succession. Along with the decrease of follower of a religion, the influence of country faith weak accordingly.The second part hackles the trend of Jiangzhehu country religion faith since 1980s by the view of the follower structure, religion system and country ecclesia. The paper shows that Jiantgzhehu country religion presents three characteristics sinceinnovation: country religion appears two-faced trend, which the followers boom in both rich and poor areas; Buddhism and Taoism in Jiangzhehu country comparatively comedown while Catholicism and Christianism boom quickly in Jiangzhehu country. With the trend of utility, common customs and manifold, country religion is more and more autochthonous.The third part focus on two lays-the society transformation and country religion, the society stabilization and country religion and analyses the inner reason in Jiangzhehu country religion. By the anatomy about the country society transformation on the conflict and amalgamation of tradition and modern, we can find the inner command in the countrymen when they meet the society differentiation. Based on the religion psychology, we can get the inner influence in country society.The epilogue ends on some feasible suggestion. Provided by the review on the country religion, we sum up the characteristics on the country religion, strengthen the faith value and nation control, exert the advantages, and form the good atmosphere at country religion.