含盐含酚废水热泵蒸发结晶装置的研制及其运行特性研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 22:17

本文关键词：含盐含酚废水热泵蒸发结晶装置的研制及其运行特性研究　出处：《华东理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是农药生产和使用大国,农药的生产和使用量位居世界前列。据统计,农药生产和排放的废水之比约1:100,大量农药废水的任意排放已造成严重的环境问题。农药废水处理主要途径为优化减排和治理排放,目前主要以治理为主,农药废水种类繁多,须针对性处理,极大增加了处理难度。本文以某农药厂排放的含盐废含酚废水为载体,通过基础物性分析、热物性检测、结晶动力学研究、基础小试、中试放大,研究开发适用于本废水的蒸发、结晶处理设备。为了了解废水的基本物性,对废水在不同温度和浓度下的密度、导热系数、比热容和粘度进行检测。通过模拟蒸发、结晶实验,获得本废水在常压下饱和沸点升高约9.5℃,减压下沸点升高值相对减小,90℃时溶解度为38.614g/100g水,结晶动力学指数i=1.790。为了保证工业化的应用,在基础检测和小试的前提下进行中试实验。对中试结晶器中不同层高的晶浆进行分析,获得晶粒度、成核速率、生长速率等中试数据,寻找最佳的工作点。中试实验采用Oslo结晶器,通过对比分析,在结晶器沉降层距底部约1/3～1/4位置时,抽取晶浆位置最佳。为了优化工艺路线,对比多效最终优选采用MVR压缩机技术。在蒸发温度75℃至90℃条件下,对比压缩机功率、降温水量、蒸发结晶装置的总能耗、总面积等参数,确定蒸发温度为90℃。为了提高能量利用率,将冷凝水、晶浆输出、母液回流等热量进行合理利用。设备设计中采用多段板式预热器和板式蒸发器,分离器、冷凝水汽液分离装置均采用本人专利结构,提高运行效率。工程应用中,通过调节结晶循环量和蒸发段与结晶段的热量匹配,设备运行良好,废水结晶盐平均粒度达0.4mm,冷凝水出水COD含量小于50ppm。由于农药废水的各异性,不同的废水仍需进行针对的开发设计。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in the production and use of pesticides, and the production and use of pesticides are in the forefront of the world. According to the statistics, the ratio of the waste water in the production and discharge of pesticides is about 1:100, and the arbitrary discharge of a large number of pesticide wastewater has caused serious environmental problems. The main way of pesticide wastewater treatment is to optimize emission reduction and control emissions. At present, the main treatment is pesticide control, and there are many kinds of pesticide wastewater. In this paper, a waste water containing salt and phenol from a pesticide factory is used as a carrier. Through the analysis of basic physical properties, thermophysical properties, crystallization kinetics, basic tests and pilot scale enlargement, the equipment for evaporation and crystallization treatment of wastewater is developed. In order to understand the basic properties of wastewater, the density, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and viscosity of the wastewater at different temperatures and concentrations are detected. By simulating evaporation and crystallization experiments, the saturated boiling point of the wastewater increased by about 9.5 degrees at atmospheric pressure, and the value of boiling point increased at a reduced pressure. The solubility of 38.614g/100g was 90 i=1.790, and the crystallization kinetics index was 0. In order to ensure the application of industrialization, pilot experiments are carried out on the premise of basic testing and small test. The grain size, nucleation rate, growth rate and other medium test data were obtained to find the best working point. In the pilot experiment, the Oslo crystallizer is used. By contrast, the optimum position of the slurry is obtained when the settlement layer is about 1/3 to 1/4 at the bottom of the crystallizer. In order to optimize the process route, MVR compressor technology is adopted to compare the multi effect optimization. At the evaporation temperature of 75 to 90 degrees, the evaporation temperature is 90 C, comparing with the parameters of compressor power, cooling water volume, total energy consumption and total area of evaporation crystallizer. In order to improve the energy utilization rate, the heat of condensate water, slurry output and mother liquid reflux are rationally utilized. The multi section plate preheater and plate evaporator are used in the design of the equipment, and the separator and condensate water vapor separation device all adopt their own patent structure to improve the operation efficiency. In engineering application, by adjusting the amount of crystallization cycle and the heat matching between evaporation section and crystalline section, the equipment runs well, the average particle size of wastewater crystal salt reaches 0.4mm, and the COD content of condensate effluent is less than 50ppm. Because of the specificity of the pesticide wastewater, the different wastewater needs to be developed and designed.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X786

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