北京湿地生态系统重要服务功能及其价值评估

发布时间：2017-12-30 23:26

本文关键词：北京湿地生态系统重要服务功能及其价值评估　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：论文基于北京市湿地资源调查数据,重点评估了湿地调蓄洪水、供给水源、净化水质、蒸发降温和维护生境等重要生态服务功能及其价值。结果表明,2014年北京市湿地面积5.14×10~4hm~2,其中46%为自然湿地,并集中分布在密云、房山和门头沟等远郊区。北京市湿地生态系统年均调蓄洪水20.75×10~8m~3、供给水源9.44×10~8m~3、净化水体污染物(COD)4.22×10~4t、蒸发吸热3.03×10~(12)k J,并维护着较高质量生境0.96×10~4hm~2,其经济价值分别为158.95×10~8、11.89×10~8、1.69×10~8、4.21×10~8和10.84×10~8元。虽然这些重要生态系统服务的78%来自于北京市远郊区的湖库与河流湿地,但是主城区湿地同样提供着重要的生态服务功能,且受益人群数量较高,因而更需重点保护。
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of wetland resources in Beijing, the important ecological service functions such as flood regulation, water supply, water purification, evaporation and cooling and habitat maintenance are evaluated in this paper. In 2014, the wetland area of Beijing was 5.14 脳 10 ~ (4) h ~ (-2), of which 46% were natural wetlands, which were concentrated in Miyun. In the far suburbs of Fangshan and Mentougou, the wetland ecosystem in Beijing has an average annual flood of 20.75 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (3) and a water supply of 9.44 脳 10 ~ (8) m ~ (3). For purifying water pollutant, CODN is 4.22 脳 10 ~ (-1) t, evaporative heat absorption is 3.03 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (12) kJ, and high quality habitat is maintained at 0.96 脳 10 ~ (4) h ~ (-1) 路m ~ (2). Its economic value is 158.95 脳 10 ~ (8) ~ (8) ~ 11.89 脳 10 ~ (8) ~ 1.69 脳 10 ~ (8). 4.21 脳 10 ~ (8) Yuan and 10.84 脳 10 ~ (8) Yuan. Although 78% of these important ecosystem services come from lakes, reservoirs and river wetlands in the far suburbs of Beijing. However, the main urban wetland also provides important ecological service function, and the number of beneficiaries is high, so it needs more protection.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31200531) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503403)~~
【分类号】：X826
【正文快照】： 湿地是指天然的或人工的、永久的或暂时的沼泽地、泥炭地或水域地带,带有静止或流动、淡水或半咸水及咸水水体,包括低潮时水深不超过6 m的海域[1],一般包括湖泊、河流、珊瑚礁、滩涂、红树林、沼泽等天然湿地,以及水库、池塘、水稻田等人工湿地。在资源学中,能被人类改造利用

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