我国野生动物粞息地保护法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 19:35

本文关键词：我国野生动物粞息地保护法律制度研究　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着新《野生动物保护法》的实施,野生动物栖息地保护工作掀开了崭新篇章。野生动物栖息地是野生动物赖以生存和繁衍的特定区域,栖息地更是兼具着生态和社会双重重要价值。我国国土辽阔,地大物博,自然环境复杂,蕴藏丰富的野生动物资源,是我国宝贵的财富。但我国栖息地面临破碎化严重、面积不断减少和隔离和质量下降等问题,造成野生动物资源减少、被物种濒危,给我国生态文明建设带来了不小的阻碍。当今世界,野生动物保护日益受到各国普遍关注,而栖息地保护更是重中之重,从各国实践经验看来,高效、完备和操作性强的法律制度对野生动物栖息地保护有着非常重要的意义。无论是在法律法规方面还是在法律制度落实的实践中,美国、澳大利亚、日本等国家各具特色的法律制度值得我国借鉴。我国截止2016年已建立自然保护区2740个,总面积147万平方公里,约占陆地国土面积的14.83%,虽然在不断探索完善相关法律制度,但保护与利用的矛盾一直存在,社区发展与栖息地保护更是像一场拉锯战,很难找到当中的平衡点,在立法方面,尚存在缺乏位阶高的框架性立法、野生动物栖息地概念不清晰以及地方立法不够完善等问题。同时,法律实践中,栖息地保护与社区发展存在矛盾,公众参与不够充分,环境影响评价未有效落实,行政管理效率较低。立足于新的《野生动物保护法》的有效实施,我国在野生动物栖息地保护方面应遵循生态优先和永续利用相结合、全面保护与预防为主相结合、公众参与和政府调控相结合等原则,在相关法律制度建设方面,应当完善地方立法,扩大提起生态公益诉讼的原告资格范围,完善生态效益补偿机制,逐步引入替代方案机制,做实野生动物栖息地调查、监测、评估工作,扩宽资金来源渠道。建立国家公园体制,将是我国未来野生动物栖息地保护的最佳选择。
[Abstract]:With the new "wild animal protection law" the implementation of the habitat of wild animal protection work opened a new chapter. The wild animal habitat is a specific area of wild animal survival and reproduction of the habitat, is both ecological and social double important value. China has a vast land, vast territory and abundant resources, complex natural environment, rich in wild animal resources that is our precious wealth. But our country faces serious habitat fragmentation, continuous area reduction and isolation and quality problems, resulting in reduction of wild animal resources, are endangered species, brought no small obstacles to the construction of ecological civilization in China. Nowadays, wild animal protection has aroused widespread concern of all, and habitat is to protect the priority among priorities, it seems, from the practical experience of countries, complete and feasible legal system of wild animal habitat protection is very important Meaning. Whether in laws and regulations or practice in the implementation of the legal system in the United States, Australia, Japan and other countries, the legal system characteristic is worth our reference. In China by the end of 2016 has established 2740 nature reserves, a total area of 1 million 470 thousand square kilometers, land area accounts for about 14.83%, while constantly explore and improve the relevant legal system, but the contradiction between protection and utilization has always existed, community development and habitat protection is like a tug of war, which is very difficult to find the balance, in terms of legislation, there is still lack of legislative framework of high rank, wild animal Habitat concept is not clear and the local legislation is not perfect. At the same time, the legal practice, habitat protection and community development contradictions, public participation in environmental impact assessment is not enough, the effective implementation of administrative management, low efficiency. Based on the new " The effective implementation of the wild animal protection law ", our country should give priority to the combination of ecological and sustainable utilization in the following wild animal habitat protection, comprehensive protection and prevention by combining the principle of public participation and the combination of government regulation, the relevant legal system construction, we should perfect the local legislation, expand ecological filed public interest litigation plaintiff range of qualification, perfect the compensation mechanism of ecological benefit, the gradual introduction of alternative mechanisms, practical investigation, wild animal habitat monitoring, assessment, sources of funding channels. Broaden the establishment of the national park system, will be the best choice for China in the future of wild animal habitat protection.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

【相似文献】