四溴双酚A对土壤微生物群落结构、多样性及选择性影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 16:28

本文关键词：四溴双酚A对土壤微生物群落结构、多样性及选择性影响的研究　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：四溴双酚A(TBBPA)是应用最普遍的溴系阻燃剂(BFRs),被广泛应用于制造业和工业中,但这也引起了世界范围内TBBPA对环境影响的关注。由于TBBPA具有较高的亲脂性,因此TBBPA将不可避免地会在土壤中累积。之前的研究主要集中在TBBPA在不同环境介质中的降解和代谢物,极少涉及TBBPA对环境微生物群落的影响。微生物群落是土壤的重要组成部分在土壤生态系统中发挥重要作用。因此,我们通过不同浓度的TBBPA对土壤的暴露实验,在好氧和厌氧下培养,研究其对微生物群落结构和多样性的影响。研究发现,TBBPA可以显著影响土壤微生物群落的结构,并且好氧和厌氧条件下,其影响不同。而微生物群落的多样性受TBBPA浓度、培养时间和培养条件的影响。高浓度的TBBPA(40mg/kg)可以显著降低微生物群落的丰度和多样性。进一步分析发现,TBBPA具有选择抑菌性,可以显著抑制革兰氏阳性(G+)菌的生长,而对革兰氏阴性(G-)菌几乎没有影响。细菌的纯培养实验表明,TBBPA对细菌的抗氧化系统产生影响,诱导细胞内抗氧化系统产生应激效应。TBBPA可使细菌细胞内的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性发生变化,随着TBBPA浓度的增加,两种G+菌中CAT酶活性逐渐受到抑制,使细胞内活性氧积累,对细胞产生损伤。丙二醛(MDA)含量的增加表明TBBPA对G+菌细胞的损伤更大。此外,本论文还研究了 TBBPA对氮循环相关微生物的影响,发现高浓度的TBBPA可以抑制土壤中的硝化、反硝化和厌氧氨氧化过程,进而可能对土壤中的氮循环过程产生影响。本论文的研究结果可为全面评估TBBPA的生态毒理效应提供必要的科学依据,为土壤修复和污染防治提供理论基础和技术支撑。
[Abstract]:Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is the most widely used brominated flame retardant (BFRsN), which is widely used in manufacturing and industry. However, this has also attracted worldwide attention to the environmental impact of TBBPA, because of the high lipophilic nature of TBBPA. Therefore, TBBPA will inevitably accumulate in soil. Previous studies focused on the degradation and metabolites of TBBPA in different environmental media. The effect of TBBPA on environmental microbial community is rarely involved. Microbial community is an important component of soil and plays an important role in soil ecosystem. We studied the effects of different concentrations of TBBPA on the structure and diversity of microbial community in aerobic and anaerobic culture. TBBPA could significantly affect the structure of soil microbial community, and the effect was different under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and the diversity of microbial community was affected by TBBPA concentration. The effects of culture time and culture conditions. High concentration of TBBPA 40 mg / kg could significantly reduce the abundance and diversity of microbial community. TBBPA had selective bacteriostasis and could significantly inhibit the growth of Gram-positive G) bacteria, but had little effect on Gram-negative G-G bacteria. TBBPA has an effect on the antioxidant system of bacteria. TBBPA can induce the stress effect of antioxidant system in cells. TBBPA can make the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in bacteria cells. The activities of catalase catalase (cat) and glutathione (GSH) were changed. With the increase of TBBPA concentration, the activity of CAT enzyme was inhibited gradually, which resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (Ros) in the cells. The increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content indicates that TBBPA has more damage to G bacteria cells. In addition, the effects of TBBPA on nitrogen cycle related microorganisms were studied. It was found that high concentration of TBBPA could inhibit the process of nitrification, denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation in soil. The results of this paper may provide the necessary scientific basis for the comprehensive evaluation of the ecotoxicological effects of TBBPA. To provide theoretical basis and technical support for soil remediation and pollution control.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X53;X172

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